Energy Storage in Microgrids: Compensating for Generation and Demand Fluctuations While Providing Ancillary Services

Energy Storage in Microgrids: Compensating for Generation and Demand Fluctuations While Providing Ancillary Services

Batteries

Emissions

Energy storage

Hydrogen

Microgrids

Power generation

Resistance heating

Space heating

Driven by global environmental emission issues, energy access in remote communities, and tighter requirements for system resilience and reliability, electricity production is shifting from a centralized paradigm to a decentralized one. In this context, renewable energy sources (RESs) have proliferated over the past decade, exhibiting a steadily increasing trend. Thus, today, a large number of wind turbines and photovoltaic (PV) panels are connected to medium- (1-69 kV) and low-voltage (=1 kV) grids, with traditional integrated bulk power systems becoming decentralized in the presence of active distribution networks, where the flow of power is bidirectional between generators and "prosumers." In particular, with decreasing RES s costs, these technologies are becoming attractive solutions to bring energy to remote communities and/or replace expensive fossil-fuel-based generators. However, RES s such as wind and solar are intermittent sources of energy, difficult to predict, and prone to large output fluctuations-therefore, significantly affecting system voltage and frequency.

81-91

M. Farrokhabadi

B. V. Solanki

C. A. Canizares

K. Bhattacharya

S. Koenig

P. S. Sauter

T. Leibfried

S. Hohmann

IEEE Power and Energy Magazine

2017

journalArticle

1558-4216