The kinetics and mechanisms of fouling in crude oil heat transfer.

The kinetics and mechanisms of fouling in crude oil heat transfer.

Crude oil

Heat transfer

Corrosion

Adsorption

PETROLEUM

CHEMICAL reactions

PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)

HEAT transfer

HEAT exchanger fouling

OIL transfer operations

Petroleum transportation

Transport properties

Precipitation (chemical)

Heat exchangers

Fouling

Fouling in heat exchangers is the unwanted buildup of material on the heat exchange surface which reduces thermal efficiency. The crude preheat train usually consists of a set of heat exchangers which tend to become fouled. Crude oil fouling can be described by the following steps: formation of particles (either by chemical reaction, corrosion or asphaltene precipitation)

transport to the surface

adsorption of fluid constituents

desorption of the fouling product

transport of the fouling product to the bulk fluid. Assuming the single steps are rate controlling, fouling rate equations were developed which show the influence of the main variables fluid velocity and temperature on the fouling rate. All steps were assumed to be in series. The developed equations were used to determine the controlling step of fouling by comparing experimental data. The results show that no matter what the fouling mechanism was, the effects of velocity and temperature on fouling rates could best be described with the developed equations for fouling controlled by adsorption. This leads to the assumption that either single steps or a binary combination of steps affect the fouling process, with adsorption always being a decisive step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

691-707

8

41

Heat Transfer Engineering

2020

Rammerstorfer, Elisabeth

Karner, Thomas

Siebenhofer, Matthäus

journalArticle

1457632

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