Chapter 21 - Petroleum Products Transporting Pipeline Corrosion—A Review

Chapter 21 - Petroleum Products Transporting Pipeline Corrosion—A Review

biocides

Corrosion

corrosion inhibitors

electrochemistry

il-soluble corrosion inhibitors (OSCI)

micelles

microbes

microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC)

petroleum pipeline corrosion

water-soluble corrosion inhibitors (WSCI)

This chapter deals with the general introduction to corrosion in petroleum product pipelines. It explains the brief history of the causes of corrosion and the importance of developing a new class of corrosion inhibitors, along with their potential applications in petroleum product transporting pipelines. It also includes the literature review concerned with works on corrosion, the causes of corrosion, and the importance of new inhibitors. In particular, this chapter highlights a variety of corrosion inhibitors that have been reported in the literature. A detailed and systematic literature survey indicates that investigations on new corrosion inhibitors are totally innovative. It has been estimated that 40% of all internal corrosion of pipeline in the gas and oil industry can be attributed to microbial corrosion. Different methods are used for protecting petroleum product pipelines from corrosion, one of which is application of a protective surface coating. This is an expensive procedure

in addition, it is impossible to coat a pipeline that is already corroded and filled with petroleum product. One of the efficient and cost-effective approaches to mitigate this problem is application of corrosion inhibitors. Thus there is an urgent and immediate need for developing an efficient corrosion inhibitor. Corrosion can be controlled by inhibitor injection in the transportation pipeline by adding oil soluble, water dispersible, and filming amine type corrosion inhibitors that can disperse sufficiently into stratified water layers. Many misapplications of inhibitors occur mainly because the characteristics of the inhibitors are not considered before use and it plays an important role on microbial corrosion. The inhibitors are also degraded by bacteria, which affect inhibition efficiency and enhance the corrosion. Organic compounds used as typical oilfield corrosion inhibitors function by forming a film or protective barrier between the metal and the corrosive fluids because of their anodic, cathodic, or mixed-type behavior. Corrosion inhibitors used in the petroleum industry are amino groups containing imidazolines, amidoamines, and polythiols compounds. The basic types, all of which have long-chain hydrocarbons (C18) as a part of the structure, include (a) aliphatic fatty-acid derivatives, (b) imidazolines, (c) quaternaries, and (d) rosin derivatives. But there is no dual inhibitor available for both inhibitive and biocidal actions. Hence it is the right time to develop a multifunctional inhibitor for a tropical pipeline.

The Role of Colloidal Systems in Environmental Protection

2014-01-01

Muthukumar, N.

Journal Article

5UAJ887T

978-0-444-63283-8