Storage

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Storage

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Based on a newly developed cylindrical Couette device, the stratification phenomenon of wax deposit formed by synthetic waxy oils was investigated through direct observation, DSC test, composition analysis, rheological test and microscopic…

The reuse of abandoned anhydrite mine-outs has significant potential to reduce the cost and period of construction of crude oil storage facilities and provides a new option for exploiting underground space. Based on a case study of the Anhui Hengtai…

Considering the factors such as ambient temperature, solar radiation, heating steam pressure and physical properties of oil products, a theoretical model for heating process of large floating roof tank coil is established. The numerical solution…

Single and double-plate floating roof oil tanks are two types of widely used floating roof oil tanks in petrochemical industry. However, the differences in flow and hear transfer characteristics of waxy crude oil inside these two tanks have been…

The combustion properties of large-scale crude oil pool fire have great significance for security design and firefighting of current crude oil reserves. Burning rate, flame shape and radiation intensity are the most important parameters for fire…

In large crude oil tank farm, fire is a major primary event in domino effects according to past accidents. The quantitative risk assessment of domino fire accident is a key issue for the accident prevention of large storage tank farm. The most widely…

We investigate charterers’ ability and willingness to exploit floating storage arbitrage opportunities. Using time-series and fixtures data on time-charter rates, we find that arbitrage opportunities were present during the Financial Crisis and the…

Siting a new underground water-sealed crude oil storage adjacent to an existing one is a potential way to increase the capacity of strategic energy storage. The study presented herein is a comprehensive case study to assess the water-sealed safety on…

A model predictive control (MPC) strategy is presented to determine the optimal control decisions for the short-term refinery scheduling problem. For cases where process disturbances occur or new plans need to be implemented during the scheduling…

Given the combination of rising global energy demand and the decline in conventional crudes, heavy crudes are generally considered to be the future energy resource. In many regions of the world, heavy crude oil must be transported through pipelines…

In this paper, we present a MILP clustering formulation for tackling the operational management of crude oil supply (OMCOS) proposed by de Assis et al. (2019). The OMCOS consists of defining the scheduling of vessel trips between offshore platforms…

CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a potential way for carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS). However, the effect of CO2 injection is greatly influenced by the reservoir conditions. Typically, Minimum miscible pressure (MMP) is selected as…

Emulsification is one of the key mechanisms for the enhancement of crude oil recovery. Although it is desirable to create stable emulsions during the recovery process, the formed emulsions must be easy to break in order to recover the emulsified…

In industrial practice, tubular heating is known as an effective technology to ensure the security storage of waxy crude oil in the tank. Insights of the thermal and flow behaviors during the tubular heating is a key aspect to optimize the strategy…

This paper examines the usefulness of using reactive powder concrete (RPC) as a better option for constructing crude oil tanks. The effect of 2 types of crude oil products (kerosene and gas oil) on the structural behavior of RPC and normal strength…

With the rapid development of crude oil reserves, energy consumption in heating increases gradually, so it is necessary to study heating effect and energy utilization. In this paper, a theoretical model of coil heating process for large floating roof…

Spontaneous combustion risk of sulfurized rust is the main cause of fire and explosion accidents during crude oil storage and transportation. In order to analyze the effect of crude oil on the thermal behavior of sulfurized rust, thermos-gravimetric…

Fossil fuel to a large extent is still expected to dominate the global energy demands for the next few decades. An inevitable and detrimental consequence of such source of energy is though the emission of hazardous CO2. Therefore, technologies that…

Emulsification is one of the proposed mechanisms for enhancing crude oil recovery in chemical flooding. The replacement of chemical surfactants in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) applications with biosurfactants is an attractive alternative

Sustainability in flow condition by maintaining the pour point and cloud point in storage and transportation of crude oil is always a challengeable task for petroleum industry. Thus solvent dewaxing is an effective process used in oil refinery for…

Integrating sustainability into the process of the supply chain is a paramount challenge for every industry aiming to thrive or survive in this ever-changing world. Sustainability is more relevant for the oil industries because oil is one of the…

An independent storage company for petroleum-based products needed pumps to discharge crude oil from an underground rock cavern. The company chose submersible borehole pumps for the task. The pumps filled the added requirement of fitting into…

The purpose of this attempt is mainly to investigate the thermal characteristics of waxy crude oil under periodic external temperature and to explore the extent of its impact. Additional specific heat capacity and momentum source terms methods are…

The EDXRF technique was used to measure the concentration of heavy metals in soils, sediment and solid wastes (sludge and scales) around one of the major crude-oil production terminals south-south-west of the Niger Delta in Nigeria. Fourteen elements…

Due to its encapsulation capacity and low carbon emission, geopolymer mortar is recognized as a possible substitute for Portland cement. This paper reports an experimental procedure of producing geopolymer mortar using petroleum sludge ash (PSA) and…

The relative importance of the vapor cloud explosion (VCE) hazard has grown in recent years. Many of large disasters were attributed to the VCE. This article introduced an explosion accident of solvent vapor in a ring partition of floating roof in…

The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that anaerobic hydrogen-consuming microorganisms generally promote iron corrosion. We isolated 26 hydrogen-consuming microorganisms (acetogens, sulfate-reducing bacteria, and methanogens)…

Oxidation of sulfurized rust in oil tank is complicated, and it is influenced by numerous factors such as water content, air humidity, operating temperature etc. The paper focuses on the oxidation process of sulfurized rust in the wild. Firstly,…

The major problem associated with petroleum refineries is the generation of various types of petroleum-field emulsions and oily sludges during recovery of light and heavy crudes. The emulsions as well as oily sludges generated are diverse in chemical…

This paper presents a framework for application of stochastic discontinuum method for evaluating the uncertainty of hydrocarbon migration around an unlined rock cavern (URC) in water-bearing rock formations. The occurrence of hydrocarbon migration in…

The cylindrical shell having a diameter to thickness ratio more than 10 is normally called as thin cylindrical shell. The primary threat to the thin cylindrical shell is axial compressive force. This force leads to buckling and it provokes the…

Storage tanks are important facilities for the major hazard installations (MHIs) to store large quantity of crude oil. There is several fire types can occur with large diameter open top floating roof storage tanks. Boilover is considered one of the…

Oil and gas can be stored underground by a variety of means, such as in depleted oil and gas fields, in aquifers, in rock salt caverns, in unlined mined rock caverns, in lined shallow caverns and abandoned mines. Different types of underground…

With the purpose of revealing the inner link between the thermal characteristics and geometry of tank, the physical and mathematical models of waxy crude oil during static cooling process under different geometric sizes are established. Based on the…

Aoki, K. and Shiogama, Y., 1993. Geoengineering techniques used in the construction of underground openings in jointed rocks. In: M. Langer, K. Hoshino and K. Aoki (Editors), Engineering Geology in the Utilization of Underground Space.Eng. Geol., 35:…

The potential presence of jumps and time-varying volatility in convenience yields can lead to abnormally fat tails, which has implications for investment in storage capacity, leasing and drilling for crude oil. In this paper we evaluate the potential…

Systems are increasingly exposed to threats of disruptive events, e.g., failures, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, etc. A proactive approach is needed to protect the business and reduce the potential losses caused by these disruptive events.…

In general, the design of closed-loop vertical ground heat exchangers (GHEXs) is to determine the required borehole length for providing the heating and cooling load of a target building. However, the same design procedure cannot be applied to the…

Along with the advancement of industrialization, all kinds of new type of disasters and accidents constantly emerge in our country, especially dangerous chemicals leakage and fire explosion accident occur repeatedly. Fighting dangerous chemicals…

As a potential energy resource with high content of crude oil, hydrocarbon recovery from oily sludge has attracted intensive interests. In this paper, a catalytic pyrolysis experiment of oily sludge has been conducted using HZSM-5 and Zn loaded…

The petroleum refining industry in China is a major contributor to the national economy and a significant source of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The development history of China’s refineries was investigated for the period 1949–2018,…

Hydrocarbon pool fires can cause serious fire accidents. This study focused on the flame-merging behavior and pulsation frequency of annular hydrocarbon pool fires with various inner and outer diameters. Experiments were performed with annular pool…

Oil sludge from offshore petroleum industry in Brazil was pyrolyzed to produce oil with potential energetic use. It was studied the effect of the temperature and the addition of an acid catalyst (K-10® clay) and polyethylene (PE) wastes on the…

Phenol and phenolic compounds are a common problem in various industries, due to their ability to dissolve in aqueous solutions, such as caustic. Caustic is used in several industrial operations for pH adjustments and for removing hydrogen sulfides…

In this paper, the oil content and corresponding components were analyzed in the samples of drying tank bottom petroleum sludges from Sinochem Xingzhong Oil Staging (Zhoushan) Co. Ltd. The composition of the oily sludge was determined by using…

Now in Russian Federation and other countries large-scale oil terminals (volume of one tank exceeds 100000m3, total volume of tanks exceeds 300000m3) are designed and constructed. Therefore fire safety of such objects becomes a very important task,…
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