Storage
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Storage
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Effect of asphaltenes on the stratification phenomenon of wax-oil gel deposits formed in a new cylindrical Couette device
Based on a newly developed cylindrical Couette device, the stratification phenomenon of wax deposit formed by synthetic waxy oils was investigated through direct observation, DSC test, composition analysis, rheological test and microscopic…
Large-scale field test on abandoned deep anhydrite mine-out for reuse as crude oil storage – A case study
The reuse of abandoned anhydrite mine-outs has significant potential to reduce the cost and period of construction of crude oil storage facilities and provides a new option for exploiting underground space. Based on a case study of the Anhui Hengtai…
Heat flow coupling characteristics analysis and heating effect evaluation study of crude oil in the storage tank different structure coil heating processes
Considering the factors such as ambient temperature, solar radiation, heating steam pressure and physical properties of oil products, a theoretical model for heating process of large floating roof tank coil is established. The numerical solution…
Temperature drop and gelatinization characteristics of waxy crude oil in 1000 m3 single and double-plate floating roof oil tanks during storage
Single and double-plate floating roof oil tanks are two types of widely used floating roof oil tanks in petrochemical industry. However, the differences in flow and hear transfer characteristics of waxy crude oil inside these two tanks have been…
Advanced dynamic modeling study of fire and smoke of crude oil storage tanks
The combustion properties of large-scale crude oil pool fire have great significance for security design and firefighting of current crude oil reserves. Burning rate, flame shape and radiation intensity are the most important parameters for fire…
The time-to-failure assessment of large crude oil storage tank exposed to pool fire
In large crude oil tank farm, fire is a major primary event in domino effects according to past accidents. The quantitative risk assessment of domino fire accident is a key issue for the accident prevention of large storage tank farm. The most widely…
Crude oil contango arbitrage and the floating storage decision
We investigate charterers’ ability and willingness to exploit floating storage arbitrage opportunities. Using time-series and fixtures data on time-charter rates, we find that arbitrage opportunities were present during the Financial Crisis and the…
Assessing the water-sealed safety of an operating underground crude oil storage adjacent to a new similar cavern – A case study in China
Siting a new underground water-sealed crude oil storage adjacent to an existing one is a potential way to increase the capacity of strategic energy storage. The study presented herein is a comprehensive case study to assess the water-sealed safety on…
Refinery scheduling of crude oil unloading, storage and processing using a model predictive control strategy
A model predictive control (MPC) strategy is presented to determine the optimal control decisions for the short-term refinery scheduling problem. For cases where process disturbances occur or new plans need to be implemented during the scheduling…
A review on the rheology of heavy crude oil for pipeline transportation
Given the combination of rising global energy demand and the decline in conventional crudes, heavy crudes are generally considered to be the future energy resource. In many regions of the world, heavy crude oil must be transported through pipelines…
A MILP-based clustering strategy for integrating the operational management of crude oil supply
In this paper, we present a MILP clustering formulation for tackling the operational management of crude oil supply (OMCOS) proposed by de Assis et al. (2019). The OMCOS consists of defining the scheduling of vessel trips between offshore platforms…
A machine learning model for predicting the minimum miscibility pressure of CO2 and crude oil system based on a support vector machine algorithm approach
CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a potential way for carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS). However, the effect of CO2 injection is greatly influenced by the reservoir conditions. Typically, Minimum miscible pressure (MMP) is selected as…
Demulsification of crude oil/water nanoemulsions stabilized by rhamnolipid biosurfactant using enzymes and pH-swing
Emulsification is one of the key mechanisms for the enhancement of crude oil recovery. Although it is desirable to create stable emulsions during the recovery process, the formed emulsions must be easy to break in order to recover the emulsified…
Numerical investigation on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of waxy crude oil during the tubular heating
In industrial practice, tubular heating is known as an effective technology to ensure the security storage of waxy crude oil in the tank. Insights of the thermal and flow behaviors during the tubular heating is a key aspect to optimize the strategy…
Experimental and numerical study of influence of crude oil products on the behavior of reactive powder and normal strength concrete slabs
This paper examines the usefulness of using reactive powder concrete (RPC) as a better option for constructing crude oil tanks. The effect of 2 types of crude oil products (kerosene and gas oil) on the structural behavior of RPC and normal strength…
Study on Coil Optimization on the Basis of Heating Effect and Effective Energy Evaluation during Oil Storage Process
With the rapid development of crude oil reserves, energy consumption in heating increases gradually, so it is necessary to study heating effect and energy utilization. In this paper, a theoretical model of coil heating process for large floating roof…
Study of the influence of crude oil on the spontaneous combustion risk of sulfurized rust in crude oil tanks
Spontaneous combustion risk of sulfurized rust is the main cause of fire and explosion accidents during crude oil storage and transportation. In order to analyze the effect of crude oil on the thermal behavior of sulfurized rust, thermos-gravimetric…
CO2-saturated brine injection into heavy oil carbonate reservoirs: Investigation of enhanced oil recovery and carbon storage
Fossil fuel to a large extent is still expected to dominate the global energy demands for the next few decades. An inevitable and detrimental consequence of such source of energy is though the emission of hazardous CO2. Therefore, technologies that…
Crude oil/water nanoemulsions stabilized by biosurfactant: Stability and pH-Switchability
Emulsification is one of the proposed mechanisms for enhancing crude oil recovery in chemical flooding. The replacement of chemical surfactants in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) applications with biosurfactants is an attractive alternative
Experimental and artificial neural network based analysis of solvent blends for dewaxing of crude oil
Sustainability in flow condition by maintaining the pour point and cloud point in storage and transportation of crude oil is always a challengeable task for petroleum industry. Thus solvent dewaxing is an effective process used in oil refinery for…
Life cycle sustainability assessment of crude oil in India
Integrating sustainability into the process of the supply chain is a paramount challenge for every industry aiming to thrive or survive in this ever-changing world. Sustainability is more relevant for the oil industries because oil is one of the…
Crude oil discharge using submersibles
An independent storage company for petroleum-based products needed pumps to discharge crude oil from an underground rock cavern. The company chose submersible borehole pumps for the task. The pumps filled the added requirement of fitting into…
The effect of periodic change of external temperature on the temperature field of crude oil
The purpose of this attempt is mainly to investigate the thermal characteristics of waxy crude oil under periodic external temperature and to explore the extent of its impact. Additional specific heat capacity and momentum source terms methods are…
Characterisation of heavy metal pollutants of soils and sediments around a crude-oil production terminal using EDXRF
The EDXRF technique was used to measure the concentration of heavy metals in soils, sediment and solid wastes (sludge and scales) around one of the major crude-oil production terminals south-south-west of the Niger Delta in Nigeria. Fourteen elements…
Effects of petroleum sludge ash in fly ash-based geopolymer mortar
Due to its encapsulation capacity and low carbon emission, geopolymer mortar is recognized as a possible substitute for Portland cement. This paper reports an experimental procedure of producing geopolymer mortar using petroleum sludge ash (PSA) and…
Explosion of solvent vapor in a ring partition of the floating roof
The relative importance of the vapor cloud explosion (VCE) hazard has grown in recent years. Many of large disasters were attributed to the VCE. This article introduced an explosion accident of solvent vapor in a ring partition of floating roof in…
Iron corrosion activity of anaerobic hydrogen-consuming microorganisms isolated from oil facilities
The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that anaerobic hydrogen-consuming microorganisms generally promote iron corrosion. We isolated 26 hydrogen-consuming microorganisms (acetogens, sulfate-reducing bacteria, and methanogens)…
Experimental investigation on oxidation of sulfurized rust in oil tank
Oxidation of sulfurized rust in oil tank is complicated, and it is influenced by numerous factors such as water content, air humidity, operating temperature etc. The paper focuses on the oxidation process of sulfurized rust in the wild. Firstly,…
Process for recovery of hydrocarbon from oil emulsions and oily sludges
The major problem associated with petroleum refineries is the generation of various types of petroleum-field emulsions and oily sludges during recovery of light and heavy crudes. The emulsions as well as oily sludges generated are diverse in chemical…
Stochastic discontinuum analysis of hydrocarbon migration probability around an unlined rock cavern based on the discrete fracture networks
This paper presents a framework for application of stochastic discontinuum method for evaluating the uncertainty of hydrocarbon migration around an unlined rock cavern (URC) in water-bearing rock formations. The occurrence of hydrocarbon migration in…
Experimental investigation on reliable and accurate prediction of buckling analysis of thin cylindrical shells with geometric imperfections
The cylindrical shell having a diameter to thickness ratio more than 10 is normally called as thin cylindrical shell. The primary threat to the thin cylindrical shell is axial compressive force. This force leads to buckling and it provokes the…
Floating roof storage tank boilover
Storage tanks are important facilities for the major hazard installations (MHIs) to store large quantity of crude oil. There is several fire types can occur with large diameter open top floating roof storage tanks. Boilover is considered one of the…
Rock engineering problems related to underground hydrocarbon storage
Oil and gas can be stored underground by a variety of means, such as in depleted oil and gas fields, in aquifers, in rock salt caverns, in unlined mined rock caverns, in lined shallow caverns and abandoned mines. Different types of underground…
Effect of geometry of tank on the thermal characteristics of waxy crude oil during its static cooling
With the purpose of revealing the inner link between the thermal characteristics and geometry of tank, the physical and mathematical models of waxy crude oil during static cooling process under different geometric sizes are established. Based on the…
Geoengineering techniques used in the construction of underground openings in jointed rocks
Aoki, K. and Shiogama, Y., 1993. Geoengineering techniques used in the construction of underground openings in jointed rocks. In: M. Langer, K. Hoshino and K. Aoki (Editors), Engineering Geology in the Utilization of Underground Space.Eng. Geol., 35:…
Jumps in the convenience yield of crude oil
The potential presence of jumps and time-varying volatility in convenience yields can lead to abnormally fat tails, which has implications for investment in storage capacity, leasing and drilling for crude oil. In this paper we evaluate the potential…
An integrated modeling framework for quantitative business continuity assessment
Systems are increasingly exposed to threats of disruptive events, e.g., failures, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, etc. A proactive approach is needed to protect the business and reduce the potential losses caused by these disruptive events.…
Effect of thermal interference on energy piles considering various configurations of heat exchangers
In general, the design of closed-loop vertical ground heat exchangers (GHEXs) is to determine the required borehole length for providing the heating and cooling load of a target building. However, the same design procedure cannot be applied to the…
Fire and Rescue Combat Technical Training System Construction for Dangerous Chemicals
Along with the advancement of industrialization, all kinds of new type of disasters and accidents constantly emerge in our country, especially dangerous chemicals leakage and fire explosion accident occur repeatedly. Fighting dangerous chemicals…
Aromatic recovery from distillate oil of oily sludge through catalytic pyrolysis over Zn modified HZSM-5 zeolites
As a potential energy resource with high content of crude oil, hydrocarbon recovery from oily sludge has attracted intensive interests. In this paper, a catalytic pyrolysis experiment of oily sludge has been conducted using HZSM-5 and Zn loaded…
Historical volatile organic compounds emission performance and reduction potentials in China’s petroleum refining industry
The petroleum refining industry in China is a major contributor to the national economy and a significant source of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The development history of China’s refineries was investigated for the period 1949–2018,…
Experimental study on flame merging probability and pulsation frequency of annular hydrocarbon pool fires with various inner and outer diameters
Hydrocarbon pool fires can cause serious fire accidents. This study focused on the flame-merging behavior and pulsation frequency of annular hydrocarbon pool fires with various inner and outer diameters. Experiments were performed with annular pool…
Production of oil with potential energetic use by catalytic co-pyrolysis of oil sludge from offshore petroleum industry
Oil sludge from offshore petroleum industry in Brazil was pyrolyzed to produce oil with potential energetic use. It was studied the effect of the temperature and the addition of an acid catalyst (K-10® clay) and polyethylene (PE) wastes on the…
A study of transfer rates of phenols from caustic to crude oil
Phenol and phenolic compounds are a common problem in various industries, due to their ability to dissolve in aqueous solutions, such as caustic. Caustic is used in several industrial operations for pH adjustments and for removing hydrogen sulfides…
Analysis of oil content in drying petroleum sludge of tank bottom
In this paper, the oil content and corresponding components were analyzed in the samples of drying tank bottom petroleum sludges from Sinochem Xingzhong Oil Staging (Zhoushan) Co. Ltd. The composition of the oily sludge was determined by using…
Fire and explosion risk assessment for large-scale oil export terminal
Now in Russian Federation and other countries large-scale oil terminals (volume of one tank exceeds 100000m3, total volume of tanks exceeds 300000m3) are designed and constructed. Therefore fire safety of such objects becomes a very important task,…