The control and managing of pipelines have been assuming a major importance for all kinds of fluids to be conveyed through. When the fluid is like oil, harmful liquid and/or water for human beings necessity, the monitoring of pipelines becomes…
This work proposes a leak detection system using sonic technology, wavelet transform and neural networks to decompose and analyze pressure signals from oil pipelines in real time. The similarity between pressure and sound signals makes it possible to…
LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) gas is the primary source of energy in most households. Recently LPG gas leak has cause significant fire hazard accident and losses. This present work investigates the sensitivity of gas sensor MQ2 and MQ6 hence…
Factors causing pollution both water and air and fires can be caused by the pollution of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) that comes from gas network leaks from National gas Company (PGN) to households. For National gas Company (PGN) due to LPG gas…
We design a leak detection system consisting of an adaptive Luenberger-type observer based on a set of two coupled one dimensional first order nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations governing the flow dynamics. It is assumed that…
This paper presents an effective decision making system for leak detection based on multiple generalized linear models and clustering techniques. The training data for the proposed decision system is obtained by setting up an experimental pipeline…
A new model to detect leaks optimally in liquid pipelines is presented. The model uses the concept based on the Liapunov stability criteria to evolve a criterion for pipeline leak detection. A flow model was derived for a typical pipeline flow…
Multiphase flows are of paramount importance in the oil and gas industry, considering that most petroleum industries produce and transport oil and gas simultaneously. However, systematic research on pipeline leakage conveying more than one phase at a…
Multiphase flows are of paramount importance in the oil and gas industry, considering that most petroleum industries produce and transport oil and gas simultaneously. However, systematic research on pipeline leakage conveying more than one phase at a…
After a few false dawns, the Nigerian Liquefied Natural Gas Project is today moving from concept to reality having overcome the preliminary steps of gas reserve estimation, preliminary engineering and demand forecasting. This article provides a…
Currently, natural gas (NG) is an economically proven source of helium with up to 8 mol% concentration. Helium extraction at earlier stages in the natural gas liquefaction plant shows a motivating initiative to improve the economics and environmental…
In recent years, a significant amount of interest has been directed towards using hydrogen as an alternative source of energy to fossil fuel. Even though hydrogen is emission free in its end use
Many contaminated subsurface sites cannot be economically decontaminated due to the limitations in the existing technology. The most viable approach in such cases is to prevent further spread of contamination. Therefore, in parallel to remediation…
A novel method based on acoustic pulse-compression and envelope extraction is proposed and discussed to detect and locate hydrate blockage and leak in natural gas pipelines. Linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal rather than single frequency…
An active acoustic excitation method based on pulse-compression and envelope subtraction is used for natural gas pipeline safety monitoring. However, when sound velocity changes with ambient temperature, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of subtraction…
Many different blends of conventional and alternative fuels have previously been investigated to gain advantages of lower tailpipe and greenhouse gas emissions while reducing petroleum dependence. In particular, blends of hydrogen with compressed…
The scope of this article is to provide environmentally friendly, sustainable and safe infrastructure services for end-users with utility tunnels, including continuous flow systems, one of the transportation modes. Sustainable infrastructure systems…
While most of the available Leak Detection Systems (LDS) can detect pipeline leaks, leak localization is still an unresolved problem. The main reason for this problem is the limited number of sensors installed in long pipelines. Because of lack of…
The paper develops a statistical model for optimizing the Hydrogen-injected Natural gas (H-NG) high-pressure pipeline network. Gas hydrodynamic principles are utilized to construct the pipeline and compressor station model. The model developed is…
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), popularly known as a drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot aboard. Recent developments in sensor technology and navigation systems have made drones a powerful and reliable basis for professional data…
This paper describes Machine Learning (ML)-based framework to detect leaks in pipes using transient waves. The so-called Transient-Based Leak Detection (TBLD) technology is a non-convex multi-dimensional optimization problem, usually solved by…
Pipelines are vital method for long distance transportation and they need to satisfy levels of safety, unwavering quality and efficiency. Large amount of natural resources is wasted due to leakages in pipelines. In recent years, this issue has gained…
In recent years, gas leaks have become a major problem in households that use household gas, so we have developed the proposed gas leak detection and monitoring system. An LPG leak-detecting system prevents risks like gas cylinder explosions. Given…
Liquefied Petroleum Gas is commonly called LPG. LPG became an unavoidable one in day-to-day life. The enormous applications include domestic applications like heating and cooking purposes and industrial applications like vehicle propellant and…
Hydrogen sulfide (h2s) leakage and dispersion from a sulfide recycle installation in different wind speeds are simulated by implementing a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. h2s concentrations of monitor points which represent dispersion…
An accidental leakage of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) can occur during processes of production, storage and transportation. LNG has a complex dispersion characteristic after release into the atmosphere. This complex behaviour demands a detailed…
The flow of liquid, gases, vapor, two-phase flow, and many other fluid systems has received sufficient study to allow definite evaluation of conditions for a variety of process situations. This chapter covers process piping design, material selection…
Methane and CO2 emissions from the natural gas supply chain have been shown to vary widely but there is little understanding about the distribution of emissions across supply chain routes, processes, regions and operational practises. This study…
The use of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems in micro-CHP applications is of great interest because of high efficiency, low emissions and absence of noise. However, SOFCs are sensitive to degradation caused by organic sulfur compounds present in…
To detect natural gas pipeline leaks, ethane in the natural gas can be used to discriminate it from background methane emissions. Our approach classifies samples of methane and simulated natural gas based on time-series data collected from a low-cost…
Monitoring of natural gas (NG) pipelines is an important task for economical/safety operation, loss prevention and environmental protection. Timely and reliable leak detection of gas pipeline, therefore, plays a key role in the overall integrity…
Leak detection in pipelines has been a prevalent issue for several decades. Pipeline leaks from sources such as small cracks and pinholes are termed chronic leaks, as they have the potential of going unnoticed for long time periods, causing both…
Leak detection in pipelines has been a prevalent issue for several decades. Pipeline leaks from sources such as small cracks and pinholes are termed chronic leaks, as they have the potential of going unnoticed for long time periods, causing both…
The paper describes two methods for detecting and locating leaks in long pipelines. The methods are based on an extended Kalman filter designed by lumping the non-linear Distributed Parameter (DP) system representing the pipeline system using the…
The paper describes two methods for detecting and locating leaks in long pipelines. The methods are based on an extended Kalman filter designed by lumping the non-linear Distributed Parameter (DP) system representing the pipeline system using the…
The paper describes two methods for detecting and locating leaks in long pipelines. The methods are based on an extended Kalman filter designed by lumping the non-linear Distributed Parameter (DP) system representing the pipeline system using the…
The paper describes two methods for detecting and locating leaks in long pipelines. The methods are based on an extended Kalman filter designed by lumping the non-linear Distributed Parameter (DP) system representing the pipeline system using the…
An optical fibre sensor has been developed for the detection of hydrogen leakages on the cryotechnic engine of the European rocket ARIANE V. The principle of this sensor is based on the variation of reflectivity of a palladium micromirror deposited…
It was important to detect the leaking of natural gas pipeline whether leakage happened, the comprehensive and comparative analysis of various methods of leak detection indicated that most common detection method which was difficult to identify and…
The paper proposes a method of passive leak detection for underwater pipelines by means of phased antenna arrays. It implies element-wise multiplication and addition of the output signals of individual array transducers. The proposed method provides…
This article analyzes the level of greenhouse gas emissions attributable to electricity from natural-gas-fired power plants and coal-fired power plants, then compares the two. An analytical framework is employed that considers the key greenhouse…
Temperature and pressure variations have important significance in environmental protection and safety operation of oil reservoir in salt caverns. Shrinkage of salt caverns, effect of permeability and fluid thermal pressurization rate were discussed…
Pipeline systems are widely applied in the areas of power, chemistry and petroleum. Model-based leak detection methods for the pipeline systems get more and more attentions. Among these model-based methods, the state observer and state feedback based…
Some examples of leaks occurring in pipelines are considered, and an overview of classical leak detection systems and the engineering basis of a novel type of detector system are given. The hydrocarbon sensor system consists of an alarm module and…
An overview of classical leak detection systems is given and the engineering basis of a novel type of detector is examined. This system is a flexible hydrocarbon-sensing cable that can be installed along pipelines, in double-containment tanks and…
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the on-line use of the first principle dynamic model of a hydrocarbon pipeline system. This system has been successfully implemented in an industrial plant and provides a wide range of practical information to…
One-dimensional, nonisothermal gas flow model was solved to simulate the slow and fast fluid transients, such as those typically found in high-pressure gas transmission pipelines. The results of the simulation were used to understand the effect of…