Government purchase of public services is an important measure to change government functions and improve the quality of public services. The practice in recent years shows that government purchase of public services has played a positive role in…
Government purchase of public services is an important measure to change government functions and improve the quality of public services. The practice in recent years shows that government purchase of public services has played a positive role in…
Government purchase of public services is an important measure to change government functions and improve the quality of public services. The practice in recent years shows that government purchase of public services has played a positive role in…
Government purchase of public services is an important measure to change government functions and improve the quality of public services. The practice in recent years shows that government purchase of public services has played a positive role in…
With environmental concerns and limited natural resources, there is a need for cleaner sources of energy in the transportation sector. Renewable natural gas (RNG) is being considered as a potential fuel for heavy-duty applications due to its…
With environmental concerns and limited natural resources, there is a need for cleaner sources of energy in the transportation sector. Renewable natural gas (RNG) is being considered as a potential fuel for heavy-duty applications due to its…
Despite the growing share of renewable energy sources, most of the world energy supply is still based on hydrocarbons and the vast majority of world transport is fuelled by oil products. Thus, the profitability of many companies may depend on the…
The quality of crude palm oil (CPO) is generally determined by the levels of free fatty acids (FFA). This helps in balancing the level of acidity during transportation and storage processes. However, high FFA in CPO is not good for consumer health.…
The need to deploy an alternative transport fuel other than petroleum in Tanzania is based on the increasing cost, perpetual scarceness of petroleum and excessive road emissions. The compressed natural gas (CNG) economic and environmental assessment…
Crude oil transportation is a central logistics operation in petrochemical industry because its cost represents a significant part in the cost of petrochemical products. In this paper, we consider the transportation by tankers or trucks. We show that…
This paper presents an approach to optimise the liquefied natural gas (LNG) transportation network. As the Chinese government put forward the coal to gas heating convention project in its Jing-Jin-Yi area, demands of LNG increased dramatically in…
The petrochemical supply chain is a worldwide undertaking, where final products will often travel thousands of miles from oil well to gas station pump. Within the crude oil supply chain, various entities compete and attempt to maximize their profits…
In developing countries, the penetration of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is still high, and hence the entry of Natural Gas (NG) networks coexists with the use of LPG by an important fraction of households. A relevant policy question is whether the…
Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) is the liquid product obtained from the bottom of the demethanizer in a gas processing plant. It consists of ethane, propane, butanes and natural gasoline (heavier hydrocarbons). Here in USA, the gas processors in the…
This paper presents an approach to optimise the liquefied natural gas (LNG) transportation network. As the Chinese government put forward the coal to gas heating convention project in its Jing-Jin-Yi area, demands of LNG increased dramatically in…
Natural gas dew point temperature is a vital quality parameter. The effective control of this specification is important if the natural gas integrity and quality are to be maintained. The present work focuses on improving the dew point and…
With the increasing energy demand and call for cleaner energy, industry has ventured out for challenging environment such as deepwater and unconventional natural gas resources. While new development is necessary, improvement in gas supply can also be…
With the increasing energy demand and call for cleaner energy, industry has ventured out for challenging environment such as deepwater and unconventional natural gas resources. While new development is necessary, improvement in gas supply can also be…
In developing countries, the penetration of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is still high, and hence the entry of Natural Gas (NG) networks coexists with the use of LPG by an important fraction of households. A relevant policy question is whether the…