With environmental concerns and limited natural resources, there is a need for cleaner sources of energy in the transportation sector. Renewable natural gas (RNG) is being considered as a potential fuel for heavy-duty applications due to its…
Existing compression ignition engines can be modified to spark ignition configuration to increase the use of natural gas in the heavy-duty transportation sector. A better understanding of the premixed natural gas combustion inside the original diesel…
NFPA 59A Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) requires facilities to have the equipment necessary for the detection and control of fires, leaks and spills of hazardous materials, yet provides no…
Increasing worldwide energy demand requires the replacement of fossil fuel sources with clean and alternative ones to limit the chances of a climate collapse. In this scenario, natural gas supplies approximately 30% of total energy demand and is…
Today the world energy market is in great transition and the demand for clean energy such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) is increasing rapidly. LNG is the main transfer form of long-range for water transportation and short range for land…
Bioenergy with carbon capture and sequestration (BECCS) is critical for stringent climate change mitigation but is commercially and technologically immature and resource intensive. State and federal fuel and climate policies can drive first markets…
The conversion of existing diesel engines to spark ignition (SI) operation by adding a low-pressure injector in the intake manifold for fuel delivery and replacing the original high-pressure fuel injector with a spark plug to initiate and control the…
The development of the natural gas exploitation and transport industry involves both research in the field of compressor mechanics and their automatic control. The paper contains four parts and presents the state of research regarding the automation…
Safety of any energy storage technology is a key attribute for all existing power plants and energy storage utilities. Another no less important area is the storage of energy in biogas plants where gas formation is time-dependent. Accumulation of…
This paper presents a model-based analysis of a process coupling trirefos rming and Fischer-Tropsch technologies for the production of liquid fuels from CO2-rich natural gas. The process also includes an upgrading section based on hydrocracking, a…
In recent years, the global demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) as an energy source is increasing at a very fast rate. In order to meet this demand, a large number of facilities such as platforms, FPSO (floating production, storage and…
The U.S. has high renewable methane potential. Biogas can be obtained from many organic sources like landfills, wastewater, animal manure, industrial, institutional, and commercial organic waste. Biogas can also be produced from lignocellulosic…
Natural gas purification, especially with high sulfur content, is an energy-intensive chemical production process, for which there are considerable differences in the energy consumption patterns of different purification plants. Therefore, these…
In this research, we utilize Southern California (SoCal) natural gas transmission pipelines and underground storage resources for transporting and storing hydrogen gas for a 100% renewable energy penetration. The goal is to determine to what extent…
With the increased availability of low-cost natural gas, the co-conversion of natural gas and biomass-to-liquid fuels has attracted attention from industry due to its potential for improving liquid fuel yields while lowering greenhouse gas emissions.…
In recent years, the global demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) as an energy source is increasing at a very fast rate. In order to meet this demand, a large number of facilities such as platforms, LNG-FPSO's, floating storage and regasification…
Pipelines as natural gas transmission system is capable to transport a huge volume of gas. Trunkline or mainline is an important part of the system which carries high-pressure natural gas through large-diameter pipes from processing plant to…
1 Scope This document specifies minimum requirements for materials exposed to sour environments as defined in ISO 15156 (all parts). It does not provide guidelines for material selection. The selection of suitable materials for a specific service…
The projected increase in the availability of gaseous fuels by growing popularity of household natural gas (NG) filling stations and the increase in the production of gaseous biogas-derived fuels is conducive to an increase in the use of NG fuel.…
Substantial increases in shale gas production due to advances in hydraulic fracturing have created tremendous monetization and sustainable development opportunities, one of which is liquified natural gas (LNG). The International Maritime Organization…
The National Transportation Safety Board investigated numerous accidents involving the release of natural gas from polyethylene pipelines. The industry manufactures polyethylene pipes and fittings in many shapes and they can be installed/joined in a…
Natural Gas production and transportation are at risk of Gas hydrate plugging especially when in offshore environments where temperature is low and pressure is high. These plugs can eventually block the pipeline, increase back pressure, stop…
Hydrogen additions to natural gas are being considered around the globe as a means to utilize existing infrastructure to distribute hydrogen. Hydrogen is known to enhance fatigue crack growth and reduce fracture resistance of structural steels used…
India is expected to grow at a rate of more than 6% over the next two decades [1]. A growing economy requires increasing quantities of fuel to satisfy its energy needs. Natural gas is expected to take up a noteworthy share of the total energy…
Abundant supply, low prices, and low carbon content may result in an increased use of natural gas (NG) as an alternative transportation fuel. Assessments of the associated climate benefits are sensitive to the climate metric and time horizon selected…
Natural gas currently represents close to a third of U.S. primary energy consumption and has often been described as a bridge fuel in the context of the ongoing energy transition. As coal plants are retired and the share of variable renewable…
1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, materials, construction, testing, operation, maintenance and abandonment of pipeline systems used for transportation in the petroleum and natural gas…
Scope: This International Standard specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, materials, construction, testing, operation, maintenance and abandonment of pipeline systems used for transportation in the petroleum and natural gas…
Established petroleum energy system comprises primary energy, conversion, transportation & distribution through to the final petroleum useful sectors. And disparate literature in such industry may not contribute to future research direction and…
Scope: 1.1 This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations on the management of integrity of a pipeline system through the life cycle, which includes design, construction, commissioning, operation, maintenance and abandonment. 1.2 This…
1 Scope This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, materials, construction, testing, operation, maintenance and abandonment of pipeline systems used for transportation in the petroleum and natural gas industries.…
Historically, both regulatory and contractual constraints have inhibited the overall optimization of natural gas transmission systems. The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) currently supplies gas either as source of fuel or as feedstock…
The increasing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) and natural gas-fueled vehicles (NGVs) has introduced higher potentials for strengthening the coordination of transportation, natural gas, and electric networks. This article proposes the concept…
Interest in blue hydrogen production technologies is growing. Some researchers have evaluated the environmental and/or economic feasibility of producing blue hydrogen, but a holistic assessment is still needed. Many aspects of hydrogen production…
The advantages of natural gas based power plants (NGPPs) have propelled the demand of natural gas as a preferred fuel for power generation [7]. With increase in NGPP consumption, the importance of interdependence between electricity and natural gas…
The natural gas industry in Western Canada, has seen tremendous changes in the last decade, resulting in significantly increased horizontal well initial production rates. It is of interest to review some of the history of "allowables" and…
More than 2,600 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of natural gas reserves are considered as stranded internationally, outside of North America (i.e., not connected to production). This figure is essentially equal to the 2,800 Tcf currently connected to…
The aim of this paper is to assess the environmental impact of electricity production from one of the best available gas-fired power plants and to compare it with the current mix of electricity and the supply of electricity from a typical gas plant.…
With the increasing global demands for energy, fuel supply management is a challenging task of todays industries in order to decrease the cost of energy and diminish its adverse environmental impacts. To have a more environmentally friendly fuel…
As the natural gas market is moving towards short-term planning, accurate and robust short-term forecasts of the demand and supply of natural gas is of fundamental importance for a stable energy supply, a natural gas control schedule, and transport…
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has proven advantages as a transportation fuel. However in the United States the use of this abundant product as a transportation fuel is limited by the number of liquefaction plants and the undeveloped supply chains that…
N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie (Gasunie) has converted an existing gas transmission line from transporting natural gas to transporting a mixture of gaseous hydrogen and 30% to 0% methane. To enable this, an assessment was carried out on technical safety,…
The role of Russias power industry can hardly be overemphasized. Russia accounts for about 34% of the worlds natural gas reserves and 13% of established oil reserves. Fuel and power complex contributes about 30% of the gross domestic products, 70% of…
The Camisea Pipelines Transportation System (STD) owned by Transportadora de Gas del Peru (TGP) is operated and maintained by Compania Operadora de Gas del Amazonas (COGA). The system consists of two pipelines: a 730-kilometer long Natural Gas (NG)…
Natural gas conversion to liquid transportation fuels through Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is an alternative approach compared to the conventional crude oil refining. In a gas-to-liquid (GTL) plant, natural gas is first converted to synthesis gas…
Scope: This document specifies requirements for plant-applied external three-layer polyethylene and polypropylene based coatings for corrosion protection of welded and seamless steel pipes for pipeline transportation systems in the petroleum and…
As the frame of national natural gas pipeline network and multi-source mixed gas supply system have been established, interconnecting existing and new pipeline networks is imperative. National Pipeline Company is promoting operation mode of "one…