It is well known that corrosion drastically shortens the lifespan of pipelines. Pipe wall thinning and leakage due to corrosion are important safety concerns for pipes used in oil, petrochemical, and power plant industries. Cross-sectional…
Reducing methane emissions from the oil and gas industry is a critical climate action policy tool in Canada and the US. Optical gas imaging-based leak detection and repair (LDAR) surveys are commonly used to address fugitive methane emissions or…
It is well known that corrosion drastically shortens the lifespan of pipelines. Pipe wall thinning and leakage due to corrosion are important safety concerns for pipes used in oil, petrochemical, and power plant industries. Cross-sectional…
Reducing methane emissions from the oil and gas industry is a critical climate action policy tool in Canada and the US. Optical gas imaging-based leak detection and repair (LDAR) surveys are commonly used to address fugitive methane emissions or…
Methane is the primary component of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and a potent greenhouse gas (GHG). The undesired methane emissions across the natural gas supply chain has been proven to worsen the lifecycle GHG emissions from the transportation…
Today the world energy market is in great transition and the demand for clean energy such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) is increasing rapidly. LNG is the main transfer form of long-range for water transportation and short range for land…
Purpose: One of the most important problems in the road fleet transportation of hazardous materials is truck accidents in which the main influential factors are the type of truck and its safety conditions. This research aimed to propose the pattern…
We consider the problem of empty tank cars relocation in a railway petroleum transportation. Biggest petroleum carrier in Kazakhstan railway network provides transportation service to the customers. The majority of its expenses consist of an empty…
Oil cargoes account for a significant share of the railways transportation structure. The tank-car fleet is owned by commercial entities of various forms of ownership. Small transport companies merge into larger ones to increase the efficiency of…
The article deals with the main problems associated with the transportation and unloading of viscous petroleum products by rail at low temperatures. Taking into account the analysis of the applied technologies and modeling of the ongoing processes in…
High viscosity petroleum products such as fuel oils and cracking residues are widely used as marine and boiler fuels both in Russia and in its exports. Conveying viscous petroleum products at low air temperatures has a high cost due to the unloading…
Establishing on operations research model is the mainstream method for automatic optimization scheme, but it is not possible to use a single undecomposed mathematical model to quickly obtain a good solution for complex crude oil scheduling issue.…
Offshore terminal usually performs crude oil lifting process regularly every 7-8 days. However, three repetitive leaks in crude oil subsea pipeline 36" MOL SPM-1 to SPM-2 occurred in the offshore terminal area had stopped the natural oil lifting…
If the crude oil in storage tank is directly heated without considering its temperature distribution, several problems will occur, namely, the thermal expansion of crude oil, and the uneven thickness of the condensate layer, bringing difficulty to…
AISI304 steel welded joints are used in cold-stretched liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage tanks used for storing and transporting of liquefied gases. Compared with a conventional liquefied natural gas storage tank, a cold-stretched liquefied natural…
Rail incidents involving release of crude oil from train tank cars is a safety concern. The objectives of this study are identification and quantification of the impacts of different factors on types and consequences of crude oil release from trains,…
Various groups have studied the optimal crude-oil operation scheduling problem in refineries over the last few decades, resulting in diverse mixed integer linear programming or mixed nonlinear programming formulations. This paper proposes a novel…
At least 24 Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) rollover incidents have been reported since 1960. During rollover, because of the heat ingress through the tank walls, a stratified LNG may be suddenly homogenised while releasing massive amounts of vapour. The…
The safety concern of transporting liquefied natural gas (LNG) by tank container is still an unsolved problem. One of the key issues for LNG tank container transportation is that the dynamic boil-off gas (BOG) generation during the shipping has not…
Development of natural gas as a fuel for light-duty vehicles will require innovative methods of onboard storage. Gas storage within adsorbents can permit operation at moderate pressures, which allows for more flexibility in tank design and reduces…
Adsorbed natural gas is a recent and viable fuel source to replace gasoline or diesel in cars, trucks and other passenger vehicles. Previously, 5 types of tanks have been developed that can be used for storage and transportation of compressed natural…
Tank container transportation, a kind of door-to-door service, is one of marine transportation types. However, tank containers are forbidden to carry liquefied natural gas(LNG) according to some certain marine laws because of the uncertain safety…
Small and medium-sized independent liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers are suitable for the short and medium transport of Arctic natural gas because of their shallow draught and flexible operation. A coupling analysis of the numerical simulation is…
Transport and storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG) requires special double-walled cryogenic tanks. To provide a liquid state of LNG throughout entire storage time a temperature inside the tank should be equal 160 C under the pressure of around 7…
It is a recurrent decimal that conventional transportation fuel is becoming a scarce commodity in Nigeria. Owing to Oil refineries producing below designed capacity and not meeting with demand for transportation fuel in the country. This has been…
According to a survey of corrosion releases in hazardous liquids pipelines, of the 52 internal corrosion releases reported in 2009-2012, 31 occurred in intermittently operated lines. Pigging operations cannot be performed in many of these pipelines…
Because of the Covid-19 pandemic, worldwide consumption of petroleum fuels is reduced due to complete or partial lockdown in most of the countries. The abridged expenditure of liquid fuels imposes pressure on petroleum refinery industries for their…
Oil-water stratification is an inevitable phenomenon in the petroleum industry. The present study describes stratified oil-water draining from a square tank through a 9 mm diameter drain pipe. The purpose of this study is to understand the flow…
The acoustic emission testing standards ASTM E1930, BS EN 15856, JB/T 10764 and Q/SY GD 0211 for atmospheric storage tank are compared and analysed. Combined with production practice, the revision direction and reference suggestions of acoustic…
In this paper, a numerical model considering phase change and external heat leakage is established to study the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic of a type C LNG tank under sinusoidal sloshing excitation. The volume of fluid (VOF) method, coupled with…
Consumers and organizations worldwide are searching for low-carbon alternatives to conventional gasoline and diesel vehicles to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and their impact on the environment. Natural gas as an alternative transportation…
This study aims at performing the first comprehensive Well-to-Tank (WtT) energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission analysis of 10 different petroleum and natural gas fuels pathways, i.e., gasoline, diesel, CNG and LNG, in Pakistan. The…
Currently, the periodic inspection of composite tanks is typically achieved via hydrostatic test combined with internal and external visual inspections. Acoustic emission (AE) technology demonstrates a promising nondestructive testing method for…
Fugitive methane emissions from the liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply chain have revealed uncertainty in the overall greenhouse gas emissions reduction associated with the use of LNG in heavy-duty vehicles and marine shipping. Methane is the main…
This paper presents a tank farm safety assessment method based on the structure entropy weight method and cloud model. This method considers the natural fuzziness of safety and fluctuation in the safety level, which can not only provide the…
In order to obtain the natural frequencies and vibration modes of the rectangular storage tanks under liquid-filled state, open anchorage rectangular storage tank models of 1000 m3 are established and the dynamic characteristics analysis is carried…
Three process flow diagrams of vacuum insulated cryogenic double-walled LNG storage tanks are analyzed. The aim of the research is to exclude the spillage of liquid to the external environment in case of breaches to the integrity of the inner vessel,…
The present work presents and analyzes the results acquired from outdoor experimental measurements of a solar latent heat storage unit integrated with built-in thermal energy storage at the presence and absence of porous media. The tank consists of a…
Natural gas is considered a potentially available and ecologically preferable fuel, comparing to other liquid fossil fuels. Safe and sustainable energy storage device is one of the bases for changing the current energy systems. The system is to use…
If the crude oil in storage tank is directly heated without considering its temperature distribution, several problems will occur, namely, the thermal expansion of crude oil, and the uneven thickness of the condensate layer, bringing difficulty to…
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and Liquefied Biogas (LBG) utilization within the heavy duty transport sector is today a sustainable alternative to the use of oil. However, in spite of the high degree of insulation in the storage tank walls, it is…
On-site wastewater treatment systems are gaining popularity in areas where centralized wastewater treatment is not available. In the current case study a domestic activated sludge system was investigated, where treated effluent was stored in a…
Industrial storage tanks are widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy and other process industries. The use of storage tanks are important in ensuring industrial safety production and product storage. Recently, concerns are rising over…
This paper concerns the ongoing studies on a Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plant in operation in Ottana (Italy), comprising a 629 kW organic Rankine cycle (ORC) unit fed by a linear Fresnel solar field. Hexamethyldisiloxane (MM) and "Therminol SP-I"…
This paper introduces a novel solar-assisted heat pump system with phase change energy storage and describes the methodology used to analyze the performance of the proposed system. A mathematical model was established for the key parts of the system…
Since a large amount of sediment organic matter and hydrophobic organic compounds presented in oily sludge sediments in petroleum storage tanks, separation or degradation of these compounds are environmentally important. Therefore, the effect of four…
The production and storage of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is gradually becoming larger and more intensive, which greatly increases the risk of the domino effect of an explosion accident in a storage tank area while improving production and…
The American Petroleum Institute (API) 12F is the specification for vertical, aboveground shop-welded storage tanks published by the API. The nominal capacity for the twelve tank designs given in the current 13th edition of API 12F ranges from 90…
One of the substances with high potential to cause damage that is used widely in chemical plants is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The aim of the present study is to model the consequences of leakage from a storage tank containing LPG using different…