This paper summarizes an investigation of certain operating parameters on the viscosity of petroleum emulsions. The production of crude oil is accompanied by emulsified water production, which comes along with various challenges like corroding the…
The challenges associated with heavy crude oil emulsions during hydrocarbon exploitation cannot be overemphasized. As such, water/crude oil separation in oil fields becomes necessary before conveyance to the refinery. In this study, we investigated…
The application of microfibrillated cellulose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to obtain heavy crude oil emulsions in water has been considered. First of all, the optimal concentration of cellulose in its aqueous dispersion was studied. A rheological…
Water and crude oil emulsions can be produced during oilfield operations. Since most oilfields are in the secondary or tertiary recovery stages, the amount of produced water is not negligible. Furthermore, enhanced oil recovery makes use of…
Effectively breaking an emulsion is very important in the petroleum industry since the produced crude oil is accompanied by water, which is linked to emulsions and can cause various environmental issues. To resolve these issues, surfactants are…
The gelation of emulsions is a notorious problem during the transportation of crude oil. In this study, the impact of dispersed water on the paraffin crystallization behavior in waxy crude oil was investigated using the mesoscopic dissipative…
Emulsions are common in the oil industry, being present in the extraction and production stages. Its formation occurs with the contact of brine and crude oil under intense flow. The presence of emulsified water (dispersed droplet size, φ ≤ 50 μm) in…
The development of concentrated and highly stable oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion is considered to be a cost-effective alternative for the transportation of produced heavy crude oils. However, the demulsification of a transported O/W emulsion is…
The formation of low-viscosity emulsions is a vital method for viscosity reduction of crude oil. Naphthenic acids, which are present in crude oil, are potential surface-active substances. Tertiary amines with CO2 response can be self-assembled in…
Crude oil transportation has been increasingly important for chemical industry, and to enhance the flowability of crude oil, various surfactants and amphipathic polymers have been utilized to form oil-in-water emulsions. As an alternative to…
In CO2 flooding, the dissolution of CO2 in produced fluid may change the stability of crude oil emulsion, thereby affecting the design/operation of the gathering pipeline and oil-water separation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the…
This article thoroughly evaluates the performance of a synthesized surfactant as an emulsifier for the preparation of an Indian heavy crude oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion to enhance its ability to flow through offshore pipelines. The physico-chemical…
The need for efficient demulsification process to treat emulsions in the petroleum industry is well acknowledged. For decades, numerous researches have been conducted to examine mechanisms of emulsification and demulsification. Untreated emulsion has…
Emulsified water droplets must be extracted from crude oil for economical and transport purposes, which is achievable by chemical demulsification. Four different chemicals were tested on water-in-crude oil emulsions using a newly developed nuclear…
Formation of water/oil emulsions is a frequent and challenging problem to deal with during crude oil extraction and processing. Crude oil must have water contents (BS&W) below 0,5% to meet transport and export requirements. Lowering BS&W values in…
Emulsions of water-in-oil (W/O) is a very common occurrence in the oil and gas industries. The viscosity and rheological properties of the emulsions are of great interest to the petroleum industry, especially during oil exploitation and…
A commercially available anti-agglomerant (AA) was evaluated in water-in-crude oil (W/CO) emulsions at different water cut. The injection of an AA to an emulsion affects the induction time and rate of hydrate formation. When AA was injected before…
Crude oil is normally produced in the form of a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion. One of the major challenges during crude oil exploration is the high viscosity of crude oil produced due to the formation of stable emulsions. This affects the overall cost…
Separating produced water is a key part of production processing for most crude oils. It is required for quality reasons, and to avoid unnecessary transportation costs and prevent pipework corrosion rates caused by soluble salts present in the water.…
The emulsification of heavy crude oil is the most economical way to transport it through offshore pipelines. In this research article, distinct oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions were developed from an Indian heavy crude oil using…
An environmentally-benign supercritical fluid route is developed to demulsify and treat highly intractable petroleum emulsions containing hazardous acidic compounds, heavy fractions, heteroatoms, and metallic impurities without using external…
Dry fractionation has shown to be a promising method to obtain less refined protein ingredients from legumes with novel technofunctionalities compared to solvent extracted protein isolates. However, the relationship between composition and…
To develop more cost-effective and environmentally friendly strategies to prevent the formation of gas hydrate plugs in oil production pipelines, a better understanding of the mechanisms of plug formation is needed. This paper presents broad-band…
Ice crystallization in confined spherical geometries is investigated experimentally at ambient pressure conditions. Water-in-crude (w/o) oil emulsions are formed by homogenization of an acidic North Sea crude oil with water or brine, at aqueous phase…
Amphiphilic poly(ionic liquids), PILs, derived from natural products attracted great attention as a green chemical in the field of the surface chemistry and petroleum industry. In the present work, new surface active PILs were synthesized from…
Alumina-supported Ni-promoted W oxides, carbides and nitrides were presulfided and employed for reducing pollutants and increasing the quality of an extra-heavy crude oil during catalytic upgrading reactions. These materials were prepared by…
It is generally accepted that asphaltenes are the main stabilizing agents of water-in-crude-oil emulsions. However, the phenomenon of formation and stabilization of the colloid is complex and requires further studies. In this work, interfacially…
This study examines the time evolution and effects of adding dispersant (Corexit 9500A) at varying concentrations on the microscopic morphology and bulk viscosity of saltwater-in-crude-oil (Louisiana) mechanically mixed emulsions. Rheology is used…
Crude oil dehydration is one of the first, most important and challenging steps in oil production and processing. To achieve rapid and energy-optimized demulsification of water-in-oil emulsions, Saudi Aramco and TechnipFMC have jointly developed a…
Water-in-oil emulsions constitute a widespread issue for the oilfield industry. Indeed, the phases of water-in-oil emulsions must be separated as soon as possible in the production chain. These emulsions can be fairly stable due to certain intrinsic…
Implementation of nanotechnology in oil and gas industries, particularly for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has recently gained interest. In this work, graphene oxide (GO) has been synthesized and used as nano-demulsifier for crude oil in water (O/W)…
Produced water from the oil and gas industry often contains stable crude oil-in-water emulsions that are typically difficult to treat with conventional separation methods. Amine-functionalized nanoparticles have demonstrated effective destabilization…
A large amount of sludge produced in the processing of crude oil has brought great harm. In this paper, common flocculants are summarized. According to the treatment process of crude oil, flocculants are divided into organic flocculants, inorganic…
Throughout the productive life of an oil field there is usually a simultaneous production of gas, oil, water, and impurities. This formation water which composes the crude oil presents high levels of dissolved salts, being on average three times…
A new class of magnetically responsive and interfacially active Janus (MJanus) nanoparticles was designed and synthesized by sequential adsorption of cellulosic materials: hydrophobic ethyl cellulose (EC) and hydrophilic carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)…
It is shown that the use of an electric field significantly intensifies the process of destruction of water-oil emulsions, because for each droplet size there is a critical tension at which they begin to disperse. As the dispersal of the dispersed…
The injection of solid stabilized water-in-crude oil emulsion to displace heavy crude oil is a new EOR method. Although high emulsion stability, which is essential for achieving the maximum process efficiency, can be obtained using nanoparticles,…
Crude oil emulsions can reach stability levels that pose severe challenges for the processing industry. Certain conventional methods are used to deal with these challenges, such as chemical demulsification. In this article, two chemicals were mixed…
Producing bitumen using SAGD requires a significant amount of water and energy, resulting in a large amount of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, reducing the steam-oil ratio (SOR) in SAGD is critical to make the oil recovery process profitable and…
Efficient extraction of crude oil, the major energy resource of current concern and high demand worldwide, is of paramount importance in both energy and environmental fields. However, it remains a great challenge to separate the crude oil-in-water…
Water and crude oil emulsions can be produced during oilfield operations. Since most oilfields are in the secondary or tertiary recovery stages, the amount of produced water is not negligible. Furthermore, enhanced oil recovery makes use of…
The effect of electric field nonuniformity on the processes of creation and destruction of water-oil emulsions during crude oil desalting was investigated. It is shown that electrodemulsification of crude oil in a uniform electric field is…
Waxy crude oil emulsions exhibit gelation behavior, with nucleation observed within a certain temperature range. A kinetic model was developed and validated based on the thermal parameters obtained from differential scanning calorimetry cooling…
Asphaltenes and resins make a major contribution for the formation of stable water-in-oil emulsions during crude production, which could affect process operations and increase costs. The purpose of this investigation is to study the influence of…
The removal of the micro droplets of emulsified water from crude oil causes high cost and energy. In this paper we show that cryo electron microscopy (cryo-EM) imaging of micro and nano emulsions prepared from United Arab Emirate based crude oil…
Basically, emulsions consist of two immiscible liquids which have different density. In petroleum industry, emulsions are undesirable due to their various costly problems in term of transportation difficulties and production loss. A study of the…