Liquefied natural gas (LNG) could replace diesel in the transportation sector. However, fugitive emissions including boil-off gas (BOG) across the LNG supply chain have revealed uncertainties on the overall environmental benefits of such replacement.…
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and Liquefied Biogas (LBG) utilization within the heavy duty transport sector is today a sustainable alternative to the use of oil. However, in spite of the high degree of insulation in the storage tank walls, it is…
The ability of pipelines to store gas by increasing their operating pressure, or linepacking, is a common operational practice used to mitigate future operational uncertainty. The optimal operation of a gas pipeline network considering linepacking is…
The paper presents two stages of an analysis of the storage capacity of low-pressure gas network for biomethane with a low value of combustion heat. The subject of the study is up-to-date, since it concerns an important issue of the storage and…
Deploying affordable and sustainable energy storage devices is one of the major pillars for changing the current energy systems. Natural gas (NG)/bio-methane storage for vehicle transportation is an existing technology where the gas is pressurized up…
Transporting energy in liquefied forms results in reduction in volume, which enables energy to be transported economically over long overseas distances. In this study, liquefied natural gas, liquid ammonia and methanol are proposed to transport the…
The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects that U.S. natural gas prices will provide a substantial cost advantage over petroleum products as a transportation fuel during the next 30+ years. Although U.S. natural gas prices closely…
Compressed natural gas (CNG) has been recently proposed as a potentially economical alternative to liquefied natural gas (LNG) for marine transportation of relatively modest amounts of natural gas over short distances. Because the main capital…
The prediction of ageing phenomena in Liquefied Natural Gas is based on two hypotheses: considering evaporation rate or considering heat flow transferred to the hydrocarbons mixture. This paper proposes two models based on these premises and…
In this paper, an ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is proposed for operations of steady flow gas pipeline. The system is composed of compressing stations linked by pipelegs. The decisions variables are chosen to be the operating…
The optimal design conditions to safely and efficiently load, store, and unload CNG vessels are highly dependant on the state of the gas and other natural gas constituents. Process simulation tools can be employed to predict the behaviour of the gas…
A novel project solution for large-scale hydrogen application is proposed utilizing surplus wind and solar generated electricity for hydrogen generation and NG pipeline transportation for hydrogen-natural gas mixtures (called HCNG). This application…
In 1992, the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission created a secondary market for natural gas transportation whereby shippers holding firm transportation capacity on interstate natural gas pipelines can compete with the pipeline in the provision…
A commercial Fe-C material (P265GH) used for natural gas delivery and transportation systems was analyzed in H2S atmosphere in order to establish the corrosion resistance. In most of the industrial processes for gas purification the corrosion rate is…
Natural gas has been proposed as a possible “bridge” fuel to eventual use of hydrogen in zero emission fuel cell vehicles. This literature review explores whether the natural gas system might help enable a transition to longer-term use of hydrogen in…
Modeling natural gas transportation networks poses a number of challenges due to the significant non-linearities associated to the governing equations. Pressure (nodal or p-) formulations and flow (nodal-loop or q-) formulations are the most commonly…
Reliable analysis of transportation networks is crucial for design and planning purposes. A pipeline network system could range from simple to very sophisticated and complex arrangement: from a single pipe transporting fluid from a place to another…
Application of compressed natural gas in public transportation has attracted environmental and social attentions worldwide for natural gas' low air pollutants emission, low cost, and availability. Constructing a suitable compressed natural gas…
This paper provides a review on the most relevant research works conducted to solve natural gas transportation problems via pipeline systems. The literature reveals three major groups of gas pipeline systems, namely gathering, transmission, and…
A group of European gas transportation companies within the European Gas Research Group launched in 2007 the ‘MOLAS’ Project to provide a software program for the analysis of the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) ageing process during ship transportation.…
We present a modeling framework for analyzing if the use of interruptible transportation services can improve capacity utilization in a natural gas transportation network. The network consists of two decision makers: the transmission system operator…
In this paper, a numerical model considering phase change and external heat leakage is established to study the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic of a type C LNG tank under sinusoidal sloshing excitation. The volume of fluid (VOF) method, coupled with…
A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed for the reformation of natural gas pipelines. The model is based on the topology of existing pipelines, the load and pressure at each node and the design factors of the region and minimizes…
With the increasing service life of pipelines, natural gas pipelines can gradually age and produce various corrosion defects. Hence, in order to ensure the efficiency and safety of pipeline transportation in the peak period of natural gas…
Global electricity generation from natural gas is expected to continue in an upward trend in the coming years thereby increasing the interdependency between the electricity and the Natural gas transportation system. The reliability concerns…
High Tc Superconducting (HTS) DC cable is a promising solution for large-scale power transmission over long distance. However, the indispensable refrigeration system for HTS cable might be undesirable. Considering that LNG (liquid natural gas) now is…
Natural gas pipelines that connect subsea fields to shore terminals are composed of horizontal and inclined sections. The smooth transportation of the gas is challenged by the transient flow phenomena associated with the liquid accumulation problem…
The transportation and storage mode of natural gas is various, and natural gas can be transformed into multiple states. Furthermore, it is realized that there are uncertainties in the natural gas purchase price and cities’ demands. Thus, the optimal…
The transportation of natural gas often relies on pipelines which require constant monitoring and regular maintenance to prevent spills or leaks. Pipeline incidents could pose a huge adverse impact on people, the environment, and society. Numerous…
Due to advances in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, the abundance of inexpensive natural gas has revolutionized the energy industry. As the world population increases, natural gas will play a prominent role in satisfying new energy…
Environmental hydrogen embrittlement has become a non-negligible problem in the hydrogen blended natural gas transportation. To qualitatively study the degradation mechanism of X80 steel used in the natural gas pipelines, the slow strain tensile…
The rising demand for Natural Gas (NG) in India, a developing country, necessitates adequate, uninterrupted and safe transmission and distribution of the gas to consumers at various points within the country. Though pipelines are considered as the…
This paper deals with the analysis of hazards associated with accidental release of high pressure from gas-pipeline transportation system. Simplified equations which are related to the fluid properties, operating pressure, the diameter of pipeline,…
Blending hydrogen into existing natural gas pipelines has been proposed as a means of increasing the output of renewable energy systems such as large wind farms. X80 pipeline steel is commonly used for transporting natural gas and such steel is…
This work deals with the analysis of the interaction of earthquakes with pipelines transporting and distributing natural gas for industrial and civil use. To this aim, a new large data-set of seismic information classified on the basis of selected…
The purpose of this paper is to present a study of impact assessment of the traffic-induced vibration on a buried natural gas transmission pipeline. The basic assumption in this study is that the traffic on pipeline-transportation route crossing…
As a part of urban pipeline network, buried gas pipelines are mainly used to transport high-pressure natural gas, artificial gas and liquefied petroleum gas. Since it are exposed to harsh service condition, buried gas pipelines are easy to encounter…
Natural or hydrogen gas is a vital energy carrier, which can serve as an energy source and is extremely vulnerable to leakages from pipeline transportation systems. Although the safety of natural gas pipelines has improved, the average economic loss…
The natural gas flowing through transmission pipeline is impure and has a wide range of non-hydrocarbons components at different concentrations like hydrogen. The presence of hydrogen in the natural gas mixture influences its properties and flow…
A gathering pipeline in a gas field in Northeast China transporting mainly natural gas and also some water and sands was welded using two 20G pipes with different wall thicknesses. The internal corrosion of this pipeline was inhomogeneous. The…
In this study, an austenitic stainless steel pipe for the transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) was gas tungsten arc welded with a wall thickness of 15.1mm. Low-temperature Charpy V-notch (CVN) impact tests were performed to investigate the…
We are reporting in this study the hydrogen permeation in the lattice structure of a steel pipeline designed for natural gas transportation by investigating the influence of blending gaseous hydrogen into natural gas flow and resulted internal…
In the field of oil and natural gas gathering and transportation, the pipeline is likely to be span under the geological load. With the influence of gravity, internal pressure and other additional loads the stress concentration at the variable wall…
With the increased use of renewable energy, energy storage technologies are becoming increasingly important. One such technology is Power-to-Gas, which can provide seasonal energy storage by utilizing both the electrical and natural gas…
Power system, natural gas system, and thermal system are traditionally managed by different types of companies, resulting in information islands among different systems. In order to break the information islands phenomenon and realize the unified…
Pipeline transportation is the most economic and reasonable transport means of petroleum and natural gas. Influenced by complex corrosion environment, it is challenging to detect anomalies accurately with precise boundaries. Inspired by the idea of…
This paper discusses an example of the master meter system (MMS), used in the oil and gas industry with the purpose of validating the performance of custody transfer meters. The system can also be used to determine if there are any changes such as…
Reliable corrosion monitoring of natural gas transmission lines is a major tool providing a foundation for safe management of natural gas infrastructures. Through the development of membrane-based electrochemical sensors which are able to function in…
Pipeline is the major mode of natural gas transportation. Leakage of natural gas pipelines may cause explosions and fires, resulting in casualties, environmental damage, and material loss. Efficient risk analysis is of great significance for…
A vulnerability analysis of the transportation capacity of a natural-gas pipeline network based on network flow was proposed. This analysis focused on the inherent properties instead of the environment and probabilities, which are usually considered…