Water cut crude oil needs to be deeply dehydrated before further transportation or refining because water residuals not only tremendously increase the transportation cost and energy consumption, but also harm the oil delivery pipelines and refining…
The heterogeneous structure of biomass causes the complex compositions of bio-oil, thereby posing huge challenges for the extraction of value-added chemicals from bio-oil and the catalytic upgrading of bio-oil in existing petroleum-refining…
In the past five years, biomass-derived biofuels and biochemicals were widely studied both in academia and industry as promising alternatives to petroleum. In this Review, the latest progress of the synthesis and fabrication of porous nanocatalysts…
The depolymerization of lignin to high value-added aromatic monomers has attracted considerable attention. Nevertheless, an effective separation process is essential for obtaining aromatic monomers from lignin depolymerization products. In this…
Lignin-derived hard carbon (HC) has great potential as energy storage materials. However, it is difficult to obtain desired electrochemical performances by direct carbonization of lignin. Herein, we demonstrate a pre-oxidation strategy to enhance the…
In this study, acetone fractionation was used to increase the homogeneity of softwood kraft lignin for product development. The acetone soluble and insoluble fractions were analyzed in terms of elemental composition, chemical structure, and thermal…
The preparation of flexible nano-scale carbon materials with good energy storage properties using biomass is a challenging task. Herein, we developed a simple and efficient strategy for preparing high-performance green nano-scale carbon fibrous…
Crude oil palm biomass (OPB) residue is an important source of lignocellulose and could be transformed into biofuels through thermochemical conversion for heat and power in CHP plants or act as sustainable reinforcement in the biocomposite industry.…
Malaysia and Indonesia are the largest palm oil producers worldwide. In palm oil production, approximately one tonne of empty fruit bunch (EFB) will be generated as waste for every one tonne of palm oil produced. Currently, these fresh EFB are still…
The value-added utilizations of technical lignin are restricted by its heterogeneous features, such as high polydispersity, complex functional group distribution, ununiformed reactivity, etc. Fractionation of lignin into more homogeneous parts…
Lignocellulose biomass is a unique renewable and sustainable source that can be used in energy generation, production of transport fuels and in chemical industries to replace petroleum-based resources. However, due to its recalcitrance to chemical…
In the last decade, lignin has received much attention as a feedstock to produce bio-based products. This study investigates the potential benefits of using lignin to mitigate the environmental impact of the road construction sector. An environmental…
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of biomass waste streams constitutes a broad class of catalytic processes crucial to the sustainable manufacture of advanced biofuels. In this context, metal phosphides have received increasing attention as catalysts for HDO…
Nanofibers prepared from electrospinning technique has proved their efficiency and effectiveness in a wide spectrum of applications including filtration, biomedical field, energy storage, and conversion protective coating, EMI shielding, etc.,…
The subject matter of the chapter is closely related to the very interesting and currently attractive research area, within a broad and interdisciplinary field, of biopolymers, hybrid materials, and biomaterials. The rapidly growing manufacturing…
Hydrogen is an odorless, colorless, and flammable gas. It is a highly promising clean energy carrier. Hydrogen is a safe, suitable, multipurpose fuel source, which can be converted to a favorite form of energy without releasing harmful emissions.…
The valorization of lignocellulosic biomass towards the production of value-added products requires an efficient pretreatment/fractionation step. In this work we present a novel, acid-free, mildly oxidative organosolv delignification process…
Malaysia and Indonesia are the largest palm oil producers worldwide. In palm oil production, approximately one tonne of empty fruit bunch (EFB) will be generated as waste for every one tonne of palm oil produced. Currently, these fresh EFB are still…
The value-added utilizations of technical lignin are restricted by its heterogeneous features, such as high polydispersity, complex functional group distribution, ununiformed reactivity, etc. Fractionation of lignin into more homogeneous parts…
Separating bio-oil by fractionation with different chemical compositions is a critical step to refine these oils and obtain high-value products. Cold water precipitation of pyrolytic lignin from bio-oil is the most common approach used. However, the…
Lignocellulose biomass is a unique renewable and sustainable source that can be used in energy generation, production of transport fuels and in chemical industries to replace petroleum-based resources. However, due to its recalcitrance to chemical…
Supercritical water treatment (380C/100 MPa/8 s) was applied to extractive-free oil palm trunk and sapwood portion of Japanese beech and their fractionated products were comparatively characterized, for water-soluble portion and water-insoluble…
In order to investigate the potential for efficient utilization of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), supercritical water treatment (at 380C and 100 MPa for 8 s) was applied to fractionate extractives-free samples into water-soluble portion and…
Rapeseed oil cake (ROC) is a biomass of particular interest for biorefinery and food activities, due to its high protein, lignin, polyphenol and fiber contents. An environmental separation process combining ultrafine milling and electrostatic…
Miscanthus sinensis L. was fractionated by different reagents (ethanol, soda and soda-ethanol) in order to obtain cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Characterization of original M. sinensis fibres (66.6% holocellulose, 36.1% -cellulose, and 15.5%…
One of the main constraints and the most costly step in the production of lignocellulosic ethanol is the biomass pretreatment step that aims at liberating the cellulose by dissolving the lignin and the hemicellulose fractions. For this reason,…
Influence of operational variables in the EFB pulping [acetic acid (60-95%), hydrochloric acid (0.10-0.25%) and time (60-180. min)], on the yield, drainability or beating grade, Kappa number, lignin and viscosity of pulps was studied. By using a…
The scientific community, experts in technology and marketing have been seeking cost-competitive and green solvents with good dissolving capacity for the valorisation of biomass and biowaste. Along with traditional solvents and techniques, deep…
Olive pomace is a phytotoxic by-product in the olive oil production. Lignin is a biopolymer present in the olive pomace in remarkable percentages, which has a great variety of potential industrial uses. The extraction of lignin using the ionic liquid…
The depletion of fossil resources is driving forward the search for new and alternative renewable feedstocks in the production of renewable chemicals, which could replace the petroleum-based ones. One such feedstock is pine (Pinus sylvestris)…
We here report the catalytic hydrotreatment of three different Alcell lignin fractions using a Ru/C catalyst in a batch reactor set-up (400 C, 4 h, 100 bar H2 intake, 5 wt% catalyst on lignin). The fractions, obtained by a solvent fractionation…
There are several established approaches for the reductive fractionation of lignocellulose (e.g., "catalytic upstream biorefining" and "lignin-first" approaches) that lead to a lignin oil product that is composed primarily of dihydro-p-monolignols…
Lignin transformation to high-value chemicals is key for forthcoming biorefineries. Here, we report efficient delignification of pine wood by oxidative biorefining in aqueous alkali, producing both vanillin and cellulose as valuable end products.…
Biomass resources and their refining are key research topics internationally as alternatives to fossil fuel resources and oil refining. This book explores the heterogeneous nature of lignocellulosic biomass, which restricts its use as a raw material,…
In a manner similar to crude oil, technical lignins need refining if their potential as reactive polyphenols of well-defined molecular weight polymers and oligomers is to be actualized. In this paper, we demonstrate that a continuum of narrow…
Efficient fermentable sugar release from softwood biomass is considerably hampered by the recalcitrant nature of its plant cell wall. Here, we reported an ultrasonic and microwave assisted ethylene glycol pretreatment coupled with fast pyrolysis to…
Fractionation of lignocellulosic material into its constitutive components is of vital importance for the production of biofuels as well as other value-added chemicals. The conventional acetosolv processes are mainly focused on the production of pulp…
BACKGROUND: Mucor indicus is a dimorphic fungus capable of producing ethanol, with numerous advantages compared with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RESULTS: Cellulose solvent- and organic solvent-based lignocellulosic fractionation (COSLIF) enhanced the…
Water cut crude oil needs to be deeply dehydrated before further transportation or refining because water residuals not only tremendously increase the transportation cost and energy consumption, but also harm the oil delivery pipelines and refining…