Cote d'Ivoire is a small mature crude oil producer in West Africa. In 2015, Cote d'Ivoire produced around 27,000 bblsbbl/day (IEA, 2015). Crude oil production started in the early 1980s and peaked in 2006 at 63,000 bblsbbl/day. Today, there are a…
Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) is an advanced controlled process of biomass thermal decomposition designed to produce high volumes of ready-to-use transportation biofuels or to provide improved quality bio-oil for subsequent refining or upgrading.…
Petroleum consumption for road transportation is well-known as the largest source of CO2 emissions. Worldwide, biofuel is becoming more attractive as substitute for crude oil owing to the increasing demand for environmentally friendly energy and its…
To accomplish the climate-neutrality objective by 2050, it is necessary to increase the share of renewable energy sources globally. A significant portion of this burden should be carried by palm oil biomass. However, the palm oil biomass supply may…
Drop-in biofuels, which are functionally equivalent to petroleum-based transportation fuels and fully compatible with existing petroleum infrastructure, have been widely used in developed countries in recent decades as an effective means of reducing…
Ethiopia’s transportation sector is currently dominated by internal combustion engine vehicles running using imported petroleum oil. Due to shortages in hard currency, a rising economy and population growth, and rapid industrialization, energy…
Fast pyrolysis is a controlled process of biomass thermal decomposition designed to yield high volumes of liquid bio-oil, which can subsequently be upgraded into high energy density transportation biofuels such as green gasoline, green jet fuel and…
The potential for transportation biofuels to displace petroleum fuels is recognized. Biofuels are produced from either cultured or waste biomass. This potential has spurred a tremendous amount of research and development. Yet, past commercialization…
AbstractThe aim of this work is to describe chemical substances contained in crude oils and fuels, the conditions in which petroleum products (fuels) are corrosive to metals
Natural gas transportation fuels are credited in prior studies with greenhouse gas emissions savings relative to petroleum-based fuels and relative to the total emissions of biofuels. These analyses, however, overlook a source of potentially large…
We assessed the technical and economic viability of small-scale plants producing “drop-in replacement” transportation fuels from non-food biomass and capturing and storing byproduct CO2 in spent shale-gas wells. Additional designs considered…
The heterogeneous structure of biomass causes the complex compositions of bio-oil, thereby posing huge challenges for the extraction of value-added chemicals from bio-oil and the catalytic upgrading of bio-oil in existing petroleum-refining…
The analysis of resource use shows the annual dynamics of increasing the use of fossil fuels. A special place in the structure of the use of motor fuels falls on diesel fuel of petroleum origin
Due to the negative environmental impacts of fossil fuels and the increasing global energy demands, biofuels are receiving increasing attention as the best short-term substitute for petroleum. Recently, thermochemical conversion of seaweeds is in…
Crude oil palm biomass (OPB) residue is an important source of lignocellulose and could be transformed into biofuels through thermochemical conversion for heat and power in CHP plants or act as sustainable reinforcement in the biocomposite industry.…
It is believed that several global policies incentivising the energetic utilisation of Crude Tall Oil (CTO) might have had an impact on the demand for CTO from its competing and emerging end-use application in biofuels in the recent years. Hence,…
The Compania Espanola de Petroleos S.A.U. (Cepsa) is an integrated, energy service company that is active in the entire petroleum value chain. This chapter presents the activities of Cepsa in the field of biofuels. It discusses in detail different…
The cold flow properties of waste oil biodiesel (WME) were studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), multifunctional low temperature tester, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and solution crystallization theory. Three approaches…
AbstractThe aim of this work is to describe chemical substances contained in crude oils and fuels, the conditions in which petroleum products (fuels) are corrosive to metals
AbstractThe aim of this work is to describe chemical substances contained in crude oils and fuels, the conditions in which petroleum products (fuels) are corrosive to metals
Hydrocracking converts heavy feeds mainly into middle distillate products. Co-processing these bio-feeds with vacuum gas oil is a possible production route for biofuels. Stabilized bio-liquid from fast pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction…
To achieve a 100% renewable energy system, plants integrating the electricity, heating and transport sectors in a Smart Energy System are required. In this work, three different polygeneration plants producing biofuels and heat, while interacting…
Drop-in biofuels, which are functionally equivalent to petroleum-based transportation fuels and fully compatible with existing petroleum infrastructure, have been widely used in developed countries in recent decades as an effective means of reducing…
Waste biomass for biofuels production can contribute to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and consequently, a decrease of CO2 emissions. In this work, the environmental feasibility of cardoon-to-bioethanol process was evaluated using Life Cycle…
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are synthesized with gold particles which have different and rare physical and chemical properties. This uniqueness of GNP compared with other nanometallic particles is due to their different quantum size and huge surface…
A holistic appraisal of three non-edible biofuel plants, with in depth analysis of their environmental impact, socioeconomic potential, and contribution to rural and circular bio-economy is the main focus of this review. Bioenergy is designated as a…
Reduction in automotive emissions in general, and particulate matter (PM) in particular, may be achieved by substitution of petroleum-based fuel with alternatives. Both partial and complete substitution are feasible. Biodiesel is a class of fluids…
Rapid economic development and increasing population are contributing to growing energy demand in India. Road transport sector, almost fully dependent on petroleum oil, is the third highest user of the total final energy in India. More than…
The liquefaction of biomass using water or organic solvents is a promising thermochemical method for producing renewable hydrocarbon biofuels. This process has the advantage of producing high-quality biocrude from high-moisture feedstocks, such as…
Biomass to biofuels as a renewable energy source is gaining momentum due to the environmental concerns about using fossil fuels. In addition to that, hydrothermal liquefaction is a promising and emerging technology in converting biomass into biofuel.…
Fast hydrothermal liquefaction of acid-washed Cladophora socialis macroalgae has been studied over homogeneous (KOH, K2CO3, H3PO4, HCOOH) and heterogeneous (H-ZSM-5, Raney Ni, Ru/C, Fe metal) catalysts in a batch reactor at 350 °C. Biocrude with…
The rapid urbanization and development of industries such as power plants, cement factories, steel plants, and biotransformation and fossil fuel transformation plants, which are highly dependent on a large consumption of fossil fuels, have led to a…
Decarbonizing the transportation sector is likely to require both electrification and increased incorporation of biofuels and/or bioblendstocks. While the social and environmental benefits of bioblendstocks are well understood, their real value for…
The Albizzia julibrissin seed oil was studied for the first time as a promising unconventional raw material for the preparation of biodiesel fuel. We aim to optimize different oil extraction reaction parameters, alkali-catalyzed transesterification…
This chapter provides perspective on “Bioresources and Biofuels” based on three platforms of bioresource feedstock, i.e., amorphous sugar, lipid, and lignocellulosics. A comprehensive scheme of various possibilities of biofuel production in the three…
We investigate the impact of geopolitical risk, U.S. economic policy uncertainty, financial stress, and market volatility on prices of U.S. and Brazilian ethanol and Malaysian palm oil. We use quantile autoregressive and quantile causality methods…
The development of green and sustainable processes is a central focus of modern heterogeneous catalysis and its applications in a multitude of fields such as the generation of biofuels, water and air remediation, synthesis of commodity chemicals,…
Biofuels are currently the only viable replacement for hydrocarbon transportation fuels. Because biofuels can be used in existing combustion engines, minimal changes to infrastructure are required for their implementation. Ethanol as a blend…
As one of the greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation strategies, CO2 sequestration introduces various environmental benefits. It appears that carbon capture and storage is the most promising method to reduce CO2 emissions, and is in fact suitable for a wide…
The fossil fuel issues due to toxic carbon dioxide emissions and climate change have a direct link with the particulate matter that has caused severe threat to the environment. The bio-based products such as biodiesel and bio-compressed natural gas…
Reduction in automotive emissions in general, and particulate matter (PM) in particular, may be achieved by substitution of petroleum-based fuel with alternatives. Both partial and complete substitution are feasible. Biodiesel is a class of fluids…
The production and utilization of biofuels from food crops have been reviewed. Developments in Brazil, the United States, the European Union and China have been assessed in relation to the aims of biofuels policies, their costs and outcomes. The…
Liquid fossil fuels (1) enable transportation and (2) provide energy for mobile work platforms and (3) supply dispatchable energy to highly variable demand (seasonal heating and peak electricity). We describe a system to replace liquid fossil fuels…
Rapid economic development and increasing population are contributing to growing energy demand in India. Road transport sector, almost fully dependent on petroleum oil, is the third highest user of the total final energy in India. More than…
The automotive industry is experiencing a revolutionary moment in search of reducing the carbon footprint from its activities. Despite the demand for lower pollutant vehicles, there is no need for a complete disruption of the current industrial…
Sewage sludge, an abundant and problematic organic waste, was successfully converted into sustainable jet fuel range hydrocarbons (C8-C16). Sewage sludge was pre-conditioned and processed through a Thermo-Catalytic Reforming (TCR) system (2 Kg/h) at…
Decarbonizing the transportation sector is likely to require both electrification and increased incorporation of biofuels and/or bioblendstocks. While the social and environmental benefits of bioblendstocks are well understood, their real value for…
This chapter provides perspective on “Bioresources and Biofuels” based on three platforms of bioresource feedstock, i.e., amorphous sugar, lipid, and lignocellulosics. A comprehensive scheme of various possibilities of biofuel production in the three…
The development of green and sustainable processes is a central focus of modern heterogeneous catalysis and its applications in a multitude of fields such as the generation of biofuels, water and air remediation, synthesis of commodity chemicals,…
The global concerns about climate change have stimulated scientific researches and the establishment of governmental policies in order to slow greenhouse gases emissions, or even to mitigate them. Bioethanol and biodiesel, the most important…