As a kind of important clean and renewable energy, hydrogen energy has received increasing attention. In the past, the majority of researchers from colleges and universities, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other institutions carrying out hydrogen…
With the increased availability of low-cost natural gas, the co-conversion of natural gas and biomass-to-liquid fuels has attracted attention from industry due to its potential for improving liquid fuel yields while lowering greenhouse gas emissions.…
In recent years, the global demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) as an energy source is increasing at a very fast rate. In order to meet this demand, a large number of facilities such as platforms, LNG-FPSO's, floating storage and regasification…
1 Scope This document specifies minimum requirements for materials exposed to sour environments as defined in ISO 15156 (all parts). It does not provide guidelines for material selection. The selection of suitable materials for a specific service…
The rapid growth of liquefied natural gas consumption makes the issues of its transportation more urgent. At present, liquefied natural gas pipeline transportation is carried out only by means of short length process lines. This paper discusses the…
Using blended hydrogen natural gas to transport hydrogen is a novel technology proposed by developed countries in recent years. This technology utilizes existing natural gas pipeline facilities to avoid the large capital investment for the…
Blending hydrogen in the natural gas transmission and distribution systems is an option for hydrogen transportation. Integrity management of the existing infrastructure requires a risk evaluation for the planned hydrogen introduction and the…
We present a method for joint state and parameter estimation for natural gas networks where gas pressures and flows through a network of pipes depend on time-varying injections, withdrawals, and compression controls. The estimation is posed as an…
The paper presents the results of the analysis of compressed natural gas marine transportation based on ecological and economic criteria, the most economical and ecologically friendly ways of natural gas transportation that are needed to take…
Hydrate-based technology could be a potential option for efficient storage and transportation of lean natural gas or biogas, which contains a significant portion of carbon dioxide. In this work, hydrate formation of a ternary methane-carbon…
The projected increase in the availability of gaseous fuels by growing popularity of household natural gas (NG) filling stations and the increase in the production of gaseous biogas-derived fuels is conducive to an increase in the use of NG fuel.…
Although natural gas is often viewed as a commodity fuel with limited variability due to standardization for pipeline transportation, life cycle impacts of natural gas vary substantially. Greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity is one of the most…
Considerable gas storage rate (about 170 times as much as its volume) and self-preservation effect of natural gas hydrate (NGH) make itself as a favorable ways to storage and transport natural gas. Consequently, NGH has its own unique advantages when…
This study evaluates the environmental impact of liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply systems using a life cycle assessment (LCA) method. LCA is a technique assessing the environmental aspects associated with a system or a product for its entire life…
Natural gas a political and economic agenda item, which mostly shaped foreign policies in the light of new extracting methods, newly discovered reserves and changing transportation routes. In parallel with increasing demand, rich states in gas place…
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is one of the most influential fuels of the 21st century, especially in terms of the global economy. The demand for LNG is forecasted to reach 400 million tonnes by 2020, increasing up to 500 million tonnes in 2030. Due to…
Natural gas is a kind of clean energy with high calorific value, but raw natural gas contains a certain amount of acid gas CO2, which will cause problems like heating value reduction and pipeline corrosion. Therefore, it is necessary to remove CO2…
Gas hydrates formed in the conditions of high pressure and low temperature in deep sea and in the process of oil and gas transportation, natural gas hydrate (NGH), will seriously affect the safety of drilling and completion operations and marine…
Substantial increases in shale gas production due to advances in hydraulic fracturing have created tremendous monetization and sustainable development opportunities, one of which is liquified natural gas (LNG). The International Maritime Organization…
The National Transportation Safety Board investigated numerous accidents involving the release of natural gas from polyethylene pipelines. The industry manufactures polyethylene pipes and fittings in many shapes and they can be installed/joined in a…
Converting existing compression ignition engines to spark ignition approach is a promising approach to increase the application of natural gas in the heavy-duty transportation sector. However, the diesel-like environment dramatically affects the…
Natural Gas production and transportation are at risk of Gas hydrate plugging especially when in offshore environments where temperature is low and pressure is high. These plugs can eventually block the pipeline, increase back pressure, stop…
Biogas consisting primarily of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be upgraded to a transportation fuel referred to as renewable natural gas (RNG) by removing CO2 and other impurities. RNG has energy content comparable to fossil compressed…
Natural gas, having a significantly lower CO2emission factor than oil and coal when combusted, is accepted as an important transition fuel towards carbon net-zero society. To meet the calorific value requirements (34.0 MJ m3) and reduce possible…
The end temperatures and the pressure drop of the long-distance pipeline for the LNG transportation, at different thickness of the thermal insulation layer with different external environment temperatures, are obtained by using Sinda/Fluint software.…
Hydrogen additions to natural gas are being considered around the globe as a means to utilize existing infrastructure to distribute hydrogen. Hydrogen is known to enhance fatigue crack growth and reduce fracture resistance of structural steels used…
India is expected to grow at a rate of more than 6% over the next two decades [1]. A growing economy requires increasing quantities of fuel to satisfy its energy needs. Natural gas is expected to take up a noteworthy share of the total energy…
ABSTRACT: For the RedlichKwong equation of state of real gas, which is widelyused for description of behavior of hydrocarbon mixtures, the inversioncurve, which determines the change in the throttling coefficient sign,is constructed. The reduced…
Areas located at or near natural gas (NG) well or storage sites can use NG to partially or totally replace the diesel fuel used to power equipment or for local transportation. This study investigated a dual-fuel diesel-NG engine operating at low load…
Abundant supply, low prices, and low carbon content may result in an increased use of natural gas (NG) as an alternative transportation fuel. Assessments of the associated climate benefits are sensitive to the climate metric and time horizon selected…
In the last decade, significant advances have facilitated the deployment of sensors. This paper defines the utility of a sensor as the ability of the system to provide intelligence. This comes from collecting data, extracting information (e.g. from…
Hydrogen energy is an important energy carrier for China to achieve the target of "carbon emission peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060", while the lack of motivation for infrastructure development is a critical factor in restricting…
Compressor units used for long-distance transportation natural gas pipeline pressurization have high-pressure and high-risk characteristics. Hence, the scientific reliability assessment is important for high-pressure compressor units, to evaluate the…
Natural gas currently represents close to a third of U.S. primary energy consumption and has often been described as a bridge fuel in the context of the ongoing energy transition. As coal plants are retired and the share of variable renewable…
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Within the State of California, an extensive infrastructure of storage facilities and transmission pipelines provides natural gas to residential and commercial customers. A project funded by the California Energy Commission is…
The electrified railway system with liquefied natural gas (LNG) transported is closely related to the integrated electricity-gas energy system, but little research focuses on the coordinated optimal operation of these systems. To fill the gap, this…
A methodology of experimental research on hydrogen embrittlement of pipe carbon steels due to the transportation of hydrogen or its mixture with natural gas by a long-term operated gas distribution network is presented. The importance of comparative…
Natural gas transmission networks (NGTNs) are the main facility connecting upstream gas sources and downstream consumers. For a cyclic NGTN with multiple gas transmission routes, different gas transportation schemes will affect not only the energy…
Ferritic steels are developed economically alloyed with nickel (up to 7%) with increased strength and low-temperature toughness for the manufacture of liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage tanks. Results are provided for a study of the steel mechanical…
The gathering and transportation pipeline known as Line 1 of Puguang Gas Field has the characteristics of wet gathering and transportation containing high sulfur content, large drops, and liquid loading in low-lying areas. In the process of one…
The hydrocarbons components are formed in multiple phase flow of gasses in a variation of temperature, pressure and composition, which results in flow change for hydrocarbon fluid. The presence of solids can cause severe problems in oil and gas…
Natural gas consumption usually has the characteristics of seasonal fluctuations. Some countries have experienced gas shortages in recent years due to the imbalance between supply and demand, especially in winter or peak gas consumption periods.…
Current approaches to the fuel cost minimization problem (FCMP) emphasize the tractability of the pipeline model but compromise its validity. In this paper, the model simplifications and assumptions commonly used in the FCMP research are assessed…
We consider the problem of nonlinear optimization of a complex engineering system of production, processing, and transport of energy carriers (ESPPTEs). We present general approaches to modeling individual elements of such a system and mathematical…
A large consumption of natural gas accompanied by reduced production capabilities makes Europe heavily dependent on imports from Russia. More than half of Russian gas is exported by transiting Ukraine, so in the context of the underlying conflict…