Biogas consisting primarily of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be upgraded to a transportation fuel referred to as renewable natural gas (RNG) by removing CO2 and other impurities. RNG has energy content comparable to fossil compressed…
Dispersants used in oil spills could result toxic to marine organisms and could influence the toxicity of oil compounds. The aim of this work was to uncover the mechanisms of action of the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of a naphthenic North Sea…
Early life stages of fish are highly sensitive to crude oil exposure and thus, short term exposures during critical developmental periods could have detrimental consequences for juvenile survival. Here we administered crude oil to Atlantic haddock…
Due to the extended oil extraction and transportation in Russia and other oil-producing countries, many lands remain contaminated because of accidental spills. This situation requires the cost-effective and efficient remediation of…
Photoproducts can be formed rapidly in the initial phase of a marine oil spill. However, their toxicity is not well understood. In this study, oil was irradiated, chemically characterized, and tested for toxicity in three copepod species (Acartia…
Hydrilla verticillata contains some active compounds that potential as an antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, antimicrobial and antitumor. One of the active compounds in Hydrilla verticillata is steroids. This research aimed to isolate, to…
Although soluble hydrocarbons persist for only hours to days in aquatic environments, they potentially pose a high toxicity to aquatic biota. Here we investigate effects of the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of crude oil on estuarine meiofauna, with…
This study investigated the sensitivity of two deepsea species using mortality of northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) and polyp activity of stony coral (Lophelia pertusa) to dispersant, Corexit 9500 and aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene,…
In order to gain insight into the human health implications of the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill (HSOS), the mechanism of toxicity of the Iranian heavy crude (IHC), the main oil component in the HSOS was investigated in Caenorhabditis elegans and zebrafish.…
The water-soluble fraction (WSF) of an oil contains different classes of petroleum hydrocarbons and, despite their low potential for bioaccumulation, these can be highly toxic to biota. Nematodes are usually the most abundant and species-rich group…
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in crude oil can cause global gene dysregulation and developmental impairment in fish. However, the mechanisms that alter gene regulation are not well understood. In this study, larval red drum…
Petroleum hydrocarbons can be discharged into the marine environment during offshore oil and gas production or as a result of oil spills, with potential impacts on marine organisms. Ecotoxicological assay durations (typically 2496 h) used to…
Numerous studies of the water-soluble fraction (WSF) from crude oil have concluded that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the primary causative agents for early life stage (ELS) fish toxicity. Noteworthy is the lack of studies demonstrating…
Hydrocarbon biodegradation may be slower in cold Arctic than in temperate seawater, and this will affect the toxicity time window of the hydrocarbons. In this study, the acute toxicities of water-soluble phases of 1,3-dimethylnaphthalene,…
Solar radiation exposure can increase the toxicity of bioaccumulated oil compounds in a diversity of aquatic species. We investigated the photoenhanced toxicity of weathered South Louisiana crude oil in sediment and water accommodated fractions (WAF)…
During accidental crude oil spills and permitted discharges of produced water into the marine environment, a large fraction of naturally occurring oil components will be contained in micron-sized oil droplets. Toxicity is assumed to be associated…
Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) emerged as a major concern for water quality in the last decade and have been studied extensively since. Besides typical natural and synthetic estrogens also petroleum product compounds such as some PAHs have…
The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill was the biggest in US history and released 3.19 million barrels of light crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico. In this study, we compared the toxicity of water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of naturally weathered…
Despite intensive research carried out on particulates, correlation between engine-out particulate emissions and adverse health effects is not well understood yet. Particulate emissions hold enormous significance for mega-cities like Delhi that have…
Dispersants used in oil spills could result toxic to marine organisms and could influence the toxicity of oil compounds. The aim of this work was to uncover the mechanisms of action of the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of a naphthenic North Sea…
This study deals with the toxicity assessment of crude and bunker oils representative of prospective oil spill threats in Arctic and Sub-Arctic seas (NNA: Naphthenic North-Atlantic crude oil
Chemical herders may be used to sequester and thicken surface oil slicks to increase the time window for performing in situ burning of spilled oil on the sea surface. For herder use to be an environmentally safe oil spill response option, information…
The increasing exploitation of the unconventional bitumen-derived oils from Alberta (Canada) have raised new environmental concerns because they are inherently different than conventional oils. Previous studies mainly focused on diluted bitumen, but…
During the Deepwater Horizon oil spill rapid natural weathering of Macondo crude oil occurred during the transport of oil to coastal areas. In response to the DWH incident, dispersant was applied to Macondo crude oil to reduce the movement of oil to…
Diluted bitumen, also known as dilbit, is transported by rail and pipeline across Canada and the United States. Due to the fewer number of studies characterizing the toxicity of dilbit, a dilbit spill poses an unknown risk to freshwater aquatic…
The efficiency of herbicide applications in agriculture is dependent not only on the toxicity or biological action of active substances on weeds, but also the solubility, volatilization, adherence, penetration, rainfastness, foaming, and drift of the…
Diluted bitumen (dilbit) is an unconventional crude petroleum increasingly being extracted and transported to market by pipeline and tanker. Despite the transport of dilbit through terrestrial, aquatic, and coastal habitat important to diverse bird…
Chemical herders may be used to sequester and thicken surface oil slicks to increase the time window for performing in situ burning of spilled oil on the sea surface. For herder use to be an environmentally safe oil spill response option, information…
The increasing exploitation of the unconventional bitumen-derived oils from Alberta (Canada) have raised new environmental concerns because they are inherently different than conventional oils. Previous studies mainly focused on diluted bitumen, but…
The increasing extraction of bitumen from the oil sands region in Canada is creating a need for transport. Spills from current and projected pipelines represent a significant environmental risk, especially for freshwater ecosystems. The toxicity of…
With higher demand comes higher consequence. And most of the time, it is the natural resources and environment that get affected. After realizing the side effect and the secondary pollutant of chemical base treatment, extensive attention has been…
Oil and derivatives are essential to supply human demand for energy. Despite the significant increase in security measures to avoid accidental spills, the impacts of these pollutants to the aquatic environment are still substantial. It is therefore…
Recent and potential expansions in the transportation of diluted bitumen (dilbit) through marine terminals in coastal regions of British Columbia require the examination of potential risks to estuarine species such as Pacific salmon. The estuarine…
Extraction and exploration of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) to satisfy the rising world population's fossil fuel demand is playing havoc with human beings and other life forms by contaminating the ecosystem, particularly the soil. In the current…
Diluted bitumen (dilbit) is an unconventional crude petroleum increasingly being extracted and transported to market by pipeline and tanker. Despite the transport of dilbit through terrestrial, aquatic, and coastal habitat important to diverse bird…
The increasing exploitation of the unconventional bitumen-derived oils from Alberta (Canada) have raised new environmental concerns because they are inherently different than conventional oils. Previous studies mainly focused on diluted bitumen, but…
Ammonia, being a polar, hydrophilic molecule, can present several problems when it comes to its interaction with water, thus creating a health and safety issue for living organisms. Moreover, ammonia usually is distributed in the liquid form at…
The most important theme of the new millennium is the environmental sustainability. As we grapple with the fact that unrestricted use of unsustainable technologies has created what Nobel laureate Chemist Robert Curl calls a ‘technological disaster’,…
This study deals with the toxicity assessment of crude and bunker oils representative of prospective oil spill threats in Arctic and Sub-Arctic seas (NNA: Naphthenic North-Atlantic crude oil
Birds are vulnerable to petroleum pollution, and exposure has a range of negative effects resulting from plumage fouling, systemic toxicity, and embryotoxicity. Recent research has not been synthesized since Leighton's 1993 review despite the…