Scope: This document specifies a method for the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization detection. This document is applicable to materials having a vapour pressure…
The determination of water content in crude oil is important for oil transportation, refining, and trade. However, the sensitivity and accuracy of the conventional azeotropic distillation (AD) method are inadequate. Karl Fischer titration methods may…
The need to reduce global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions may require the use of renewable gaseous fuels in the food and beverage industry to decarbonise processes that are difficult to electrify such as whiskey distillation. Large companies report…
Scope: This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538C (1000F) or lower at atmospheric pressure…
Scope: This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the bromine number of the following materials: a) petroleum distillates that are substantially free of material lighter than 2-methylpropane, and that have 90 %(V/V) (i.e.…
The hydrodynamic parameters of molecular distillation (mean free pathMFP and Knudsen numberKn) were estimated under a screening of evaporator temperature (423.15-623.15 K) and the pressure system (0.1-1.0 Pa). The modeling and simulation were based…
1 Scope This document specifies a method for the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization detection. The standard is applicable to materials having a vapour pressure…
1 Scope This document specifies a method for the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization detection. The standard is applicable to materials having a vapour pressure…
Conversion of olefin-rich side streams of petroleum distillate cracking operations, pyrolysis gasoline (pygas), to hydrocarbon resins (HRs) represents a promising technology to upgrade the pygas byproduct and facilitate pygas valorization. Several…
Results are given for a study on the optimization of the composition of crude oil consisting of petroleum, fuel oil, and gas condensate to improve atmospheric distillation at an installation of the Gazprom Neftekhim Salavat Atmospheric and Vacuum…
Although condensate oils are neither well defined nor have a known chemical composition, they are considered by the petroleum industry to be good candidates for the dilution of heavy crude oil as this generates a blend with a lower viscosity. This…
Scope: The procedures in this test method cover the determination of organic chloride (above 1 g/g organically-bound chlorine) in crude oils, using either distillation and sodium biphenyl reduction, distillation and microcoulometry, or distillation…
The work is considering of technology of Crude distillation unit in general modern technology of refining process. Crude distillation unit (CDU) is at the front-end of the oil refinery. Oil topping column K-1 is especially important in the general…
Scope: The procedures in this test method cover the determination of organic chloride (above 1 g/g organically-bound chlorine) in crude oils, using either distillation and sodium biphenyl reduction, distillation and microcoulometry, or distillation…
Petroleum, contains proportions of contaminants such as sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and metals, such as nickel, iron, copper, sodium, and vanadium. Particularly, contaminants containing sulfur cause problems during handling, transportation, and the use…
Hydrodynamic cavitation process can produce extreme physical conditions such as local high temperature, high pressure, high jet flow and strong shear stress. Therefore, applying the hydrodynamic cavitation device to upgrade Saudi heavy crude oil is…
1 Scope This document describes a method for the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization detection. The standard is applicable to crude oils. The boiling range…
The chemical characterization of crude oil fractions is important for the petroleum research and complex structure of crude oil residue keeps studies ongoing. An analytical method which gives the composition of residue is not available yet and a…
A light Arabian crude oil was separated by distillation into 27 fractions, including 25 very narrow distillation cuts, the light ends, and a vacuum residue (VR), which were extensively characterised using standard methods. Overall, the properties…
Abstract: The modern concepts of crude oils and refinery products as petroleum disperse systems are surveyed, as well as the related possibilities of optimizing crude oil refining processes. Through the optimal blending of components, it is possible…
Nowadays, most of the worlds energy consumption is from fossil fuels. One of these fossil fuels is natural gas condensate which consists of various hydrocarbon components and could be used as the main fuel resource. However, these condensates contain…
The water content data of wellhead crude oil is an important basis for determining the production accounting of oil fields, the adjustment of block unit and the effectiveness of the single well operation, which is related to enterprise cost…
Nowadays, maintenance is based on the synergistic integration of operational reliability and timely maintenance, which guarantees the required availability and optimal cost. Operational reliability implies producing more, better performance, longer…
Scope: This document specifies a method for the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization detection. This document is applicable to materials having a vapour pressure…
This work presents the highlights of the results obtained from the operations of a laboratory-scale pilot plant, designed for the demonstration of an innovative gas sweetening technology. The theory behind the process, based on a dual-pressure…
Natural gas is expected to have the most important growth among fossil fuels being the cleanest-burning one and also taking into account the ever-increasing role liquefied natural gas is playing within the gas sector. To meet the increasing demand…
The objective of this paper is to present the study and analysis of the energy efficiency for the natural gas liquids (NGLs) fractionation sequence by using driving force method. To perform the studies and analysis, the energy efficient NGLs…
The development of floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) plants has resulted in a focus on reducing the weight and size of the topside processing facilities for these units. The conventional fractionation of natural gas liquids (NGL) in LNG plants…
We have previously demonstrated that the Distillation, Precipitation, Fractionation Mass Spectrometry (DPF MS) method can be used to characterize crude oil at the molecular level by fractionating the crude oil into six different chemical classes and…
In this work, an atmospheric petroleum residue was fractionated using a falling film molecular distillation pilot plant with molecular distillation temperatures ranging from 190 to 320 C. The process produced four distillate cuts and four residues…
Batch distillation is useful in the essential oil (EO) industry to standardize and improve EO properties. Using the Lippia origanoides EO as a source of phenylpropanoids, a methodology was developed to solve and experimentally validate a batch…
We review the performance of di fferent technologies published in a recent patent by Ji and Bagajewicz (2007) aimed at increasing distillates yield. We also present different implementation schemes composed of various combinations of the two…
The oil reservoirs are underground and have the oil and gas contained in the porous rock at high temperatures and pressures. Only 5-20% of the oil is withdrawn in primary production. Further recovery can be achieved by injecting carbon dioxide (CO2)…
In order to meet current carbon dioxide emissions reduction challenges, natural gas processing and refining industries have to find new ways to minimize energy requirements. Building on foundations laid down in a preceding effort, this paper shows…
Molecular profiling of crude oil is a tremendous challenge due to its inherent complexity. An accurate molecular fingerprint of a crude oil may facilitate rational design of crude oil recovery efforts, such as enhanced oil recovery, improve the…
We examined the degree of DNA damage caused by fractions of crude oil in accordance with the boiling points, polarity and log Kow. Relatively high DNA damage was observed in the aromatic fraction (290–330°C) and resin and polar fraction (350–400°C).…
Tough environmental regulations, intense competition, expensive fossil energy use, and the strong growth predictions of the natural gas market have prompted efforts to retrofit the existing purification processes to reduce their energy requirements.…
This chapter deals with the heat and mass transfer characteristics of petroleum fluid before decomposition into gasoline, kerosene, naphtha, diesel, etc. A convection-radiation heating furnace has been designed as a heating source of the petroleum…
The aim of the present work is to monitor dew point corrosion of crude and vacuum distillation column overhead section in a petroleum refinery. The material of construction of overhead line pipe was carbon steel. The state of art of crude unit…
Natural gas is the fastest growing fossil fuel in future global energy scenarios. The consequent increase in the global demand for it has led to the need for the exploitation of those reserves that were left undeveloped in the past because of the…
Fractionation of crude oil in crude distillation unit (CDU) is an energy intensive process. Fractionation is carried out based on the cutpoint temperatures, i.e., the tray temperature of the CDU at which a product stream is separated. Rigorous…